目录
- 表单控制
- 购物车案例
- v-model进阶(了解)
- vue生命周期
- 与后端交互
- 电影案例
表单控制
1.input:checkbox(单选,多选),radio(单选)
2.代码展示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<h>表单控制</h1>
<p>用户名:<input type="text" v-model="name"></p>
<p>密码:<input type="text" v-model="password"></p>
<p><input type="checkbox" v-model="isRemember">记住密码</p>
<p>
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">男
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">女
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">未知
</p>
<p>
爱好:
<input type="checkbox" value="篮球" v-model="hobby">篮球
<input type="checkbox" value="足球" v-model="hobby">足球
<input type="checkbox" value="乒乓球" v-model="hobby">乒乓球
<input type="checkbox" value="排球" v-model="hobby">排球
</p>
{{hobby}}
</div>
</body>
<script>
new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
name:'',
password:'',
isRemember:false, //checkbox单选,使用布尔类型
gender:'', //radio单选,使用字符串
hobby:[] //checkbox多选使用数组
}
})
</script>
</html>
购物车案例
1.python中只有基于迭代的循环可没有基于索引的循环
2.js,java,go基于迭代和索引的两种
3.js中for循环
- for(i=0;i<checkGroup.length;i++) # 基于索引的循环
- for(i in checkGroup) # 基于迭代的循环
- for(i of checkGroup) # es6中的循环
- 数组内置方法.forEach()
- jquery $.each循环
代码展示:
方式一:js的基于索引的循环
for (var i =; i< goodList.length; i++) {
console.log(goodList[i])
} 方式二:基于迭代的循环
for (i in goodList){
console.log(goodList[i])
} 方式三:of 循环,基于迭代的
for (i of goodList){
console.log(i)
} 方式四:数组的循环方法
goodList.forEach(item => {
console.log('---', item)
}) jquery:引入
$.each(goodList, (i, v) => {
console.log(v)
})
4.基本购物车代码展示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/.6.0/jquery.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" >href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="container-fluid">
<h class="text-center">购物车</h1>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md- col-md-offset-3">
<table class="table table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>商品id</th>
<th>商品名字</th>
<th>商品价格</th>
<th>商品数量</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr v-for="good in goodList">
<th>{{good.id}}</th>
<td>{{good.name}}</td>
<td>{{good.price}}</td>
<td>{{good.count}}</td>
<td><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkGroup" :value="good"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr>
选中的商品是:{{checkGroup}}
<br>
总价格是:{{getPrice()}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
<script>
new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
goodList: [
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1},
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34},
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4},
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10},
],
checkGroup: []
},
methods: {
getPrice() {
// 取出checkGroup中得商品数量和商品价格相乘 做累加
// js 中 for 循环
var total =
for (item of this.checkGroup) {
total += item.price * item.count
}
return total
}
}
})
var goodList = [
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1},
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34},
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4},
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10},
]
</script>
</html>
5.带加减的购物车代码展示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="container-fluid">
<h class="text-center">购物车</h1>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md- col-md-offset-3">
<table class="table table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>商品id</th>
<th>商品名字</th>
<th>商品价格</th>
<th>商品数量</th>
<th><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkAll" @change="handleChange">全选/全不选</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr v-for="good in goodList">
<th>{{good.id}}</th>
<td>{{good.name}}</td>
<td>{{good.price}}</td>
<td><span class="btn link btn-sm" @click="handleDown(good)">-</span>{{good.count}}<span
class="btn link btn-sm" @click="good.count++">+</span>
</td>
<td><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkGroup" :value="good" @change="handleCheckOne"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<hr>
选中的商品是:{{checkGroup}}
<br>
总价格是:{{getPrice()}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
<script>
new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
goodList: [
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1},
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34},
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4},
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10},
],
checkGroup: [],
checkAll: false,
},
methods: {
getPrice() {
var total =
for (item of this.checkGroup) {
total += item.price * item.count
}
return total
},
handleChange() {
if (this.checkAll) {
this.checkGroup = this.goodList
} else {
this.checkGroup = []
}
},
handleCheckOne() {
// 如果checkGroup的长度等于goodList的长度,说明全选了,checkAll就应该变为true,否则就是false
// if (this.checkGroup.length == this.goodList.length) {
// this.checkAll = true
// } else {
// this.checkAll = false
// }
// 变短
this.checkAll = this.checkGroup.length == this.goodList.length
},
handleDown(good) {
if (good.count >) {
good.count--
} else {
alert('不能再少了,受不了了')
}
}
}
})
</script>
</html>
v-model进阶(了解)
1.v-model 之 lazy、number、trim
- lazy:等待input框的数据绑定时区焦点之后在变化;
- number:数字开头,只保留数字,后面的字母不保留;字母开头都保留。
- trim:取出首位的空格。
2.代码展示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<h>v-model进阶</h1>
<input type="text" v-model.lazy ="name">----->{{name1}}
<br>
<input type="text" v-model.number ="name">----->{{name2}}
<br>
<input type="text" v-model.trim ="name">----->{{name3}}
</div>
</body>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
name: '',
name:'',
name:'',
},
})
</script>
</html>
vue生命周期
1.var vm=new Vue实例()
四个过程:
- 实例创建,数据放到实例中;
- 挂在模板:el====》div;
- 改页面,改变量,都会相互影响,update;
- 销毁实例
2.八个钩子函数
4个过程对应八个函数,依次执行(到某个过程就会执行某个函数)
beforeCreate 创建Vue实例之前调用,data,el都没有
created 创建Vue实例成功后调用(可以在此处发送异步请求后端数据),data有了,el没有的
beforeMount 渲染DOM之前调用 ,data有了,el没有
mounted 渲染DOM之后调用
beforeUpdate 重新渲染之前调用(数据更新等操作时,控制DOM重新渲染)
updated 重新渲染完成之后调用
beforeDestroy 销毁之前调用
destroyed 销毁之后调用
钩子函数(hook),AOP的体现:面向切面编程----》装饰器实现aop;
3.学习生命周期需要掌握
- 组件想后端发送请求,获取数据,应该放在created写,此时data已经有数据;
- destroyed做一些资源请理性的工作。
4.小案例:
组件创建,开启定时器,不停的打印hello,在destroyed中对定时器进行销毁。 补充之js定时任务和延时任务: 延时任务:
setTimeout(()=>{
console.log('s后执行我')
},)
定时任务:
setInterval(()=>{
console.log('hello')
},)
什么场景下要用定时任务?
(1)实时跟后端交互,基于http+定时任务(websocket协议:服务端主动推送消息,手机app的消息推送)
(2)秒杀场景,先提交秒杀请求,每隔3s,查询是否秒到;
代码展示
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<h>vue声明周期</h1>
<button @click="handleShow">点我组件显示和消失</button>
<hr>
<child v-if="show"></child>
<hr>
</div>
</body>
<script>
// 定义一个全局组件
Vue.component('child', {
template: `
<div>
<button>后退</button>
{{ title }}
<button @click="handleClick">前进</button>
</div>`,
data() {
return {
title: '好看的首页',
t:''
}
},
methods: {
handleClick() {
// alert('前进')
this.title = 'lqz'
}
},
beforeCreate() {
console.log('beforeCreate')
console.log(this.$data)
console.log(this.$el)
},
created() {
console.log('created')
console.log(this.$data)
console.log(this.$el)
// 开启定时器,每隔s,打印hello
this.t=setInterval(()=>{
console.log('hello')
},)
},
beforeMount() {
console.log('beforeMount')
console.log(this.$data)
console.log(this.$el)
},
mounted() {
console.log('mounted')
console.log(this.$data)
console.log(this.$el)
},
beforeUpdate() {
console.log('beforeUpdate')
},
updated() {
console.log('updated')
},
beforeDestroy() {
console.log('当前状态:beforeDestroy')
},
destroyed() {
console.log('当前状态:destroyed')
// 销毁定时器
clearInterval(this.t)
this.t=null
},
})
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
show: true
},
methods: {
handleShow() {
this.show = !this.show
}
}
})
</script>
</html>
与后端交互
1.发展过程
- js原生发送ajax请求:new XMLHttpRequest(),浏览器兼容性不好,于是jquery基于它做了封装出了jquery的ajax方法,XMLHttpRequest中存在很多bug;
- jquery的ajax,vue中用的很少;
- js原生提供的fetch,现在官方主推这个,缺点是不执行ie浏览器;
- axios:vue中常用的,它是封装了XMLHttpRequest
2.代码展示
前端页面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<h>jquery的ajax与后端交互</h1>
<!-- <button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button>-->
<!-- <br>-->
<!-- <p>名字是:{{name}}</p>-->
<!-- <p>年龄是:{{age}}</p>-->
<!-- <hr>-->
<h>js原生的fetch与后端交互</h1>
<!-- <button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button>-->
<!-- <br>-->
<!-- <p>名字是:{{name}}</p>-->
<!-- <p>年龄是:{{age}}</p>-->
<!-- <hr>-->
<h>axios与后端交互</h1>
<button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button>
<br>
<p>名字是:{{name}}</p>
<p>年龄是:{{age}}</p>
<hr>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
name: '',
age:
},
methods: {
handleLoad() {
$.ajax({
url: "http://.0.0.1:5000/",
type: 'get',
success: data => {
console.log(typeof data)
data = JSON.parse(data) // data 是字符串类型,需要转成对象类型
console.log(typeof data)
this.name = data.name
this.age = data.age
}
})
},
handleLoad() { // 用的很少
fetch('http://.0.0.1:5000/').then(res => res.json()).then(res => {
console.log(res)
console.log(typeof res)
this.name = res.name
this.age = res.age
})
},
handleLoad() { // 用的很少
axios.get('http://.0.0.1:5000/').then(res => {
console.log(res.data) // 后端真正的数据在res.data中
this.name = res.data.name
this.age = res.data.age
})
},
}
})
</script>
</html>
后端Flask框架:
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
res = jsonify({'name': 'lqz', 'age':})
# 处理了跨域() 在响应头中加入 django写后端 {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'}
res.headers = {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'}
return res
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
电影案例
前端页面展示:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<h>电影小案例</h1>
<ul>
<li v-for="film in filmList">
<h>电影名:{{film.name}}</h2>
<img :src="film.poster" alt="" height="px" width="300px">
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
<script>
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
filmList: []
},
created() {
axios.get('http://.0.0.1:5000/films').then(res => {
this.filmList = res.data.data.films
})
}
})
</script>
</html>
后盾Flask框架:
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/films')
def films():
with open('./film.json', 'r', encoding='utf-') as f:
data = json.load(f)
res = jsonify(data)
res.headers = {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'}
return res
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()