目录
- 表单控制
- 购物车案例
- v-model进阶(了解)
- vue生命周期
- 与后端交互
- 电影案例
表单控制
1.input:checkbox(单选,多选),radio(单选)
2.代码展示
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="js/vue.js"></script> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<h>表单控制</h1> | |
<p>用户名:<input type="text" v-model="name"></p> | |
<p>密码:<input type="text" v-model="password"></p> | |
<p><input type="checkbox" v-model="isRemember">记住密码</p> | |
<p> | |
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">男 | |
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">女 | |
<input type="radio" v-model="gender" value="">未知 | |
</p> | |
<p> | |
爱好: | |
<input type="checkbox" value="篮球" v-model="hobby">篮球 | |
<input type="checkbox" value="足球" v-model="hobby">足球 | |
<input type="checkbox" value="乒乓球" v-model="hobby">乒乓球 | |
<input type="checkbox" value="排球" v-model="hobby">排球 | |
</p> | |
{{hobby}} | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
new Vue({ | |
el:'#app', | |
data:{ | |
name:'', | |
password:'', | |
isRemember:false, //checkbox单选,使用布尔类型 | |
gender:'', //radio单选,使用字符串 | |
hobby:[] //checkbox多选使用数组 | |
} | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
购物车案例
1.python中只有基于迭代的循环可没有基于索引的循环
2.js,java,go基于迭代和索引的两种
3.js中for循环
- for(i=0;i<checkGroup.length;i++) # 基于索引的循环
- for(i in checkGroup) # 基于迭代的循环
- for(i of checkGroup) # es6中的循环
- 数组内置方法.forEach()
- jquery $.each循环
代码展示:
方式一:js的基于索引的循环 | |
for (var i =; i< goodList.length; i++) { | |
console.log(goodList[i]) | |
} 方式二:基于迭代的循环 | |
for (i in goodList){ | |
console.log(goodList[i]) | |
} 方式三:of 循环,基于迭代的 | |
for (i of goodList){ | |
console.log(i) | |
} 方式四:数组的循环方法 | |
goodList.forEach(item => { | |
console.log('---', item) | |
}) jquery:引入 | |
$.each(goodList, (i, v) => { | |
console.log(v) | |
}) |
4.基本购物车代码展示
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/.6.0/jquery.js"></script> | |
<link rel="stylesheet" >href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" > | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<div class="container-fluid"> | |
<h class="text-center">购物车</h1> | |
<div class="row"> | |
<div class="col-md- col-md-offset-3"> | |
<table class="table table-bordered"> | |
<thead> | |
<tr> | |
<th>商品id</th> | |
<th>商品名字</th> | |
<th>商品价格</th> | |
<th>商品数量</th> | |
</tr> | |
</thead> | |
<tbody> | |
<tr v-for="good in goodList"> | |
<th>{{good.id}}</th> | |
<td>{{good.name}}</td> | |
<td>{{good.price}}</td> | |
<td>{{good.count}}</td> | |
<td><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkGroup" :value="good"></td> | |
</tr> | |
</tbody> | |
</table> | |
<hr> | |
选中的商品是:{{checkGroup}} | |
<br> | |
总价格是:{{getPrice()}} | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
goodList: [ | |
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1}, | |
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34}, | |
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4}, | |
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10}, | |
], | |
checkGroup: [] | |
}, | |
methods: { | |
getPrice() { | |
// 取出checkGroup中得商品数量和商品价格相乘 做累加 | |
// js 中 for 循环 | |
var total = | |
for (item of this.checkGroup) { | |
total += item.price * item.count | |
} | |
return total | |
} | |
} | |
}) | |
var goodList = [ | |
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1}, | |
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34}, | |
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4}, | |
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10}, | |
] | |
</script> | |
</html> |
5.带加减的购物车代码展示
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" > | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<div class="container-fluid"> | |
<h class="text-center">购物车</h1> | |
<div class="row"> | |
<div class="col-md- col-md-offset-3"> | |
<table class="table table-bordered"> | |
<thead> | |
<tr> | |
<th>商品id</th> | |
<th>商品名字</th> | |
<th>商品价格</th> | |
<th>商品数量</th> | |
<th><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkAll" @change="handleChange">全选/全不选</th> | |
</tr> | |
</thead> | |
<tbody> | |
<tr v-for="good in goodList"> | |
<th>{{good.id}}</th> | |
<td>{{good.name}}</td> | |
<td>{{good.price}}</td> | |
<td><span class="btn link btn-sm" @click="handleDown(good)">-</span>{{good.count}}<span | |
class="btn link btn-sm" @click="good.count++">+</span> | |
</td> | |
<td><input type="checkbox" v-model="checkGroup" :value="good" @change="handleCheckOne"></td> | |
</tr> | |
</tbody> | |
</table> | |
<hr> | |
选中的商品是:{{checkGroup}} | |
<br> | |
总价格是:{{getPrice()}} | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
goodList: [ | |
{id:, name: '小汽车', price: 1200000, count: 1}, | |
{id:, name: '钢笔', price: 12, count: 34}, | |
{id:, name: '鸡蛋', price: 2, count: 4}, | |
{id:, name: '面包', price: 9, count: 10}, | |
], | |
checkGroup: [], | |
checkAll: false, | |
}, | |
methods: { | |
getPrice() { | |
var total = | |
for (item of this.checkGroup) { | |
total += item.price * item.count | |
} | |
return total | |
}, | |
handleChange() { | |
if (this.checkAll) { | |
this.checkGroup = this.goodList | |
} else { | |
this.checkGroup = [] | |
} | |
}, | |
handleCheckOne() { | |
// 如果checkGroup的长度等于goodList的长度,说明全选了,checkAll就应该变为true,否则就是false | |
// if (this.checkGroup.length == this.goodList.length) { | |
// this.checkAll = true | |
// } else { | |
// this.checkAll = false | |
// } | |
// 变短 | |
this.checkAll = this.checkGroup.length == this.goodList.length | |
}, | |
handleDown(good) { | |
if (good.count >) { | |
good.count-- | |
} else { | |
alert('不能再少了,受不了了') | |
} | |
} | |
} | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
v-model进阶(了解)
1.v-model 之 lazy、number、trim
- lazy:等待input框的数据绑定时区焦点之后在变化;
- number:数字开头,只保留数字,后面的字母不保留;字母开头都保留。
- trim:取出首位的空格。
2.代码展示
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<h>v-model进阶</h1> | |
<input type="text" v-model.lazy ="name">----->{{name1}} | |
<br> | |
<input type="text" v-model.number ="name">----->{{name2}} | |
<br> | |
<input type="text" v-model.trim ="name">----->{{name3}} | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
var vm = new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
name: '', | |
name:'', | |
name:'', | |
}, | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
vue生命周期
1.var vm=new Vue实例()
四个过程:
- 实例创建,数据放到实例中;
- 挂在模板:el====》div;
- 改页面,改变量,都会相互影响,update;
- 销毁实例
2.八个钩子函数
4个过程对应八个函数,依次执行(到某个过程就会执行某个函数)
beforeCreate 创建Vue实例之前调用,data,el都没有
created 创建Vue实例成功后调用(可以在此处发送异步请求后端数据),data有了,el没有的
beforeMount 渲染DOM之前调用 ,data有了,el没有
mounted 渲染DOM之后调用
beforeUpdate 重新渲染之前调用(数据更新等操作时,控制DOM重新渲染)
updated 重新渲染完成之后调用
beforeDestroy 销毁之前调用
destroyed 销毁之后调用
钩子函数(hook),AOP的体现:面向切面编程----》装饰器实现aop;
3.学习生命周期需要掌握
- 组件想后端发送请求,获取数据,应该放在created写,此时data已经有数据;
- destroyed做一些资源请理性的工作。
4.小案例:
组件创建,开启定时器,不停的打印hello,在destroyed中对定时器进行销毁。 补充之js定时任务和延时任务: 延时任务:
setTimeout(()=>{ | |
console.log('s后执行我') | |
},) |
定时任务:
setInterval(()=>{ | |
console.log('hello') | |
},) |
什么场景下要用定时任务?
(1)实时跟后端交互,基于http+定时任务(websocket协议:服务端主动推送消息,手机app的消息推送)
(2)秒杀场景,先提交秒杀请求,每隔3s,查询是否秒到;
代码展示
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<h>vue声明周期</h1> | |
<button @click="handleShow">点我组件显示和消失</button> | |
<hr> | |
<child v-if="show"></child> | |
<hr> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
// 定义一个全局组件 | |
Vue.component('child', { | |
template: ` | |
<div> | |
<button>后退</button> | |
{{ title }} | |
<button @click="handleClick">前进</button> | |
</div>`, | |
data() { | |
return { | |
title: '好看的首页', | |
t:'' | |
} | |
}, | |
methods: { | |
handleClick() { | |
// alert('前进') | |
this.title = 'lqz' | |
} | |
}, | |
beforeCreate() { | |
console.log('beforeCreate') | |
console.log(this.$data) | |
console.log(this.$el) | |
}, | |
created() { | |
console.log('created') | |
console.log(this.$data) | |
console.log(this.$el) | |
// 开启定时器,每隔s,打印hello | |
this.t=setInterval(()=>{ | |
console.log('hello') | |
},) | |
}, | |
beforeMount() { | |
console.log('beforeMount') | |
console.log(this.$data) | |
console.log(this.$el) | |
}, | |
mounted() { | |
console.log('mounted') | |
console.log(this.$data) | |
console.log(this.$el) | |
}, | |
beforeUpdate() { | |
console.log('beforeUpdate') | |
}, | |
updated() { | |
console.log('updated') | |
}, | |
beforeDestroy() { | |
console.log('当前状态:beforeDestroy') | |
}, | |
destroyed() { | |
console.log('当前状态:destroyed') | |
// 销毁定时器 | |
clearInterval(this.t) | |
this.t=null | |
}, | |
}) | |
var vm = new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
show: true | |
}, | |
methods: { | |
handleShow() { | |
this.show = !this.show | |
} | |
} | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
与后端交互
1.发展过程
- js原生发送ajax请求:new XMLHttpRequest(),浏览器兼容性不好,于是jquery基于它做了封装出了jquery的ajax方法,XMLHttpRequest中存在很多bug;
- jquery的ajax,vue中用的很少;
- js原生提供的fetch,现在官方主推这个,缺点是不执行ie浏览器;
- axios:vue中常用的,它是封装了XMLHttpRequest
2.代码展示
前端页面:
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script> | |
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<h>jquery的ajax与后端交互</h1> | |
<!-- <button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button>--> | |
<!-- <br>--> | |
<!-- <p>名字是:{{name}}</p>--> | |
<!-- <p>年龄是:{{age}}</p>--> | |
<!-- <hr>--> | |
<h>js原生的fetch与后端交互</h1> | |
<!-- <button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button>--> | |
<!-- <br>--> | |
<!-- <p>名字是:{{name}}</p>--> | |
<!-- <p>年龄是:{{age}}</p>--> | |
<!-- <hr>--> | |
<h>axios与后端交互</h1> | |
<button @click="handleLoad">点击加载数据</button> | |
<br> | |
<p>名字是:{{name}}</p> | |
<p>年龄是:{{age}}</p> | |
<hr> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
var vm = new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
name: '', | |
age: | |
}, | |
methods: { | |
handleLoad() { | |
$.ajax({ | |
url: "http://.0.0.1:5000/", | |
type: 'get', | |
success: data => { | |
console.log(typeof data) | |
data = JSON.parse(data) // data 是字符串类型,需要转成对象类型 | |
console.log(typeof data) | |
this.name = data.name | |
this.age = data.age | |
} | |
}) | |
}, | |
handleLoad() { // 用的很少 | |
fetch('http://.0.0.1:5000/').then(res => res.json()).then(res => { | |
console.log(res) | |
console.log(typeof res) | |
this.name = res.name | |
this.age = res.age | |
}) | |
}, | |
handleLoad() { // 用的很少 | |
axios.get('http://.0.0.1:5000/').then(res => { | |
console.log(res.data) // 后端真正的数据在res.data中 | |
this.name = res.data.name | |
this.age = res.data.age | |
}) | |
}, | |
} | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
后端Flask框架:
from flask import Flask, jsonify | |
app = Flask(__name__) | |
def index(): | |
res = jsonify({'name': 'lqz', 'age':}) | |
# 处理了跨域() 在响应头中加入 django写后端 {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'} | |
res.headers = {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'} | |
return res | |
if __name__ == '__main__': | |
app.run() |
电影案例
前端页面展示:
<html lang="en"> | |
<head> | |
<meta charset="UTF-"> | |
<title>Title</title> | |
<script src="./js/vue.js"></script> | |
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script> | |
</head> | |
<body> | |
<div id="app"> | |
<h>电影小案例</h1> | |
<ul> | |
<li v-for="film in filmList"> | |
<h>电影名:{{film.name}}</h2> | |
<img :src="film.poster" alt="" height="px" width="300px"> | |
</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
</body> | |
<script> | |
var vm = new Vue({ | |
el: '#app', | |
data: { | |
filmList: [] | |
}, | |
created() { | |
axios.get('http://.0.0.1:5000/films').then(res => { | |
this.filmList = res.data.data.films | |
}) | |
} | |
}) | |
</script> | |
</html> |
后盾Flask框架:
from flask import Flask, jsonify | |
app = Flask(__name__) | |
def films(): | |
with open('./film.json', 'r', encoding='utf-') as f: | |
data = json.load(f) | |
res = jsonify(data) | |
res.headers = {'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*'} | |
return res | |
if __name__ == '__main__': | |
app.run() |