目录
- 一对多查询
- 多对一查询
- 自连接查询
- 多对多查询
一对多查询
一对多关联查询是指在查询一方对象的时候,同时将其所关联的多方对象也都查询出来。下面以班级 Classes 与学生 Student 间的一对多关系为例进行演示。一个班级有多个学生,一个学生只属于一个班级。数据库 student 表里面有个字段 classno 是外键,对应主键表 Class 的主键 cid。
项目案例:查询班级号为 1801 的班级,同时遍历该班级的所有的学生信息
实现步骤:
【1】在 MySQL 中创建数据库 studentdb,创建表 student 和classes,并添加若干测试用的数据记录,SQL 语句如下:
CREATE DATABASE studentdb;
USE studentdb ;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student ;
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT() NOT NULL,
studentname VARCHAR() DEFAULT NULL,
gender CHAR() DEFAULT NULL,
age INT() DEFAULT NULL,
classno VARCHAR(),
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)
INSERT INTO student ( id , studentname , gender , age , classno ) VALUES (,'张飞','男',18,'201801'),(2,'李白','男',20,'201801'),(3,'张无忌','男',19,'201801'),(4,'赵敏','女',17,'201801');
CREATE TABLE classes (
cid VARCHAR (),
cname VARCHAR ()
);
INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('','计算机软件1班');
INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('','计算机软件2班');
【2】创建实体类 Classes 和 Student 类
Student 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Student {
private String sid;
private String sname;
private String sex;
private Integer age;
//添加额外属性:所在班级
private Classes classes;
public String show(){
return "学生编号:"+getSid()+",学生姓名:"+getSname()+",学生性别:"+getSex()+",学生年龄:"+getAge();
}
}
Classes 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Classes {
private String cid;
private String cname;
//添加额外属性
private List<Student> students;
public String show(){
return "班级编号:"+getCid()+",班级名称:"+getCname()+",班级学生:";
}
}
【3】创建 ClassesMapper.java 接口,并添加 findClassesById 方法
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Classes;
public interface ClassesMapper {
Classes findClassesById(String id);
}
【4】创建 ClassesMapper.xml 映射文件,有以下两种方式:
方式一:多表连接查询方式
这种方式只用到1条 SQL 语句,代码如下所示:
<?xml version=".0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my.mapper.ClassesMapper">
<!--方式一:多表连接查询方式,只用到条SQL语句-->
<resultMap id="classResultMap" type="classes">
<id property="cid" column="cid"/>
<result property="cname" column="cname"/>
<!--关联属性的映射关系-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<id property="sid" column="id"/>
<result property="sname" column="studentname"/>
<result property="sex" column="gender"/>
<result property="age" column="age"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="findClassesById" resultMap="classResultMap">
select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student
where classes.cid=student.classno and classes.cid=#{cid}
</select>
</mapper>
注意: 在 <resultMap/> 中,如果字段名与属性名相同时,可以在 <resultMap/> 中添加 autoMapping=“true” 来开启自动映射。
另外,在 “一方” 的映射文件中使用 <collection/> 标签体现出两个实体对象间的关联关系。其两个属性的解释如下:
- property:指定关联属性,即 Class 类中的集合属性 students。
- ofType:集合属性的泛型类型,即 Student。
方式二:多表单独查询方式
多表连接查询方式是将多张表进行连接,连为一张表后进行查询。其查询的本质是一张表。而多表单独查询方式是多张表各自查询各自的相关内容,需要多张表的联合数据,再将主表的查询结果联合其它表的查询结果,封装为一个对象。
多个查询是可以跨越多个映射文件的,即是可以跨越多个namespace 的。在使用其它 namespace 的查询时,添加上其所在的 namespace 即可。这种方式要用到2条 SQL 语句,代码如下所示:
<?xml version=".0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my.mapper.ClassesMapper">
<!--方式二:多表单独查询方式,也就是分步查询-->
<resultMap id="classResultMap" type="classes">
<id property="cid" column="cid"/>
<result property="cname" column="cname"/>
<!--关联属性的映射关系-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<id property="sid" column="id"/>
<result property="sname" column="studentname"/>
<result property="sex" column="gender"/>
<result property="age" column="age"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 以下注释部分属于方式二: 多表单独查询方式 -->
<resultMap id="studentResultMap" type="student">
<id property="sid" column="id" />
<result property="sname" column="studentname" />
<result property="sex" column="gender" />
<result property="age" column="age" />
</resultMap>
<resultMap id="classesResultMap" type="classes">
<id property="cid" column="cid" />
<result property="cname" column="cname" />
<!-- 关联属性的映射关系 -->
<!-- 集合的数据来自指定的select查询,该select查询的动态参数来自column指定的字段值 -->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student" select="selectStudentsByClasses" column="cid"/>
</resultMap>
<!-- 多表单独查询,查多方的表 -->
<select id="selectStudentsByClasses" resultMap="studentResultMap">
select * from student where calssno=#{cid}
</select>
<!-- 多表单独查询,查一方的表 -->
<select id="findClassesById" parameterType="String" resultMap="classesResultMap">
select cid,cname from classes
where cid=#{cid}
</select>
</mapper>
【5】创建 ClassesMapperTest 测试类,并添加如下方法:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Classes;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class ClassesMapperTest{
SqlSessionFactory factory=null;
@Before
public void init(){
try {
System.out.println("########");
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testFindClassesById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
ClassesMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassesMapper.class);
Classes classesById = mapper.findClassesById("");
System.out.println(classesById.show());
List<Student> students = classesById.getStudents();
for (Student student : students) {
System.out.println(student.show());
}
}
}
方式一:多表连接查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from
classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and classes.cid=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(String)
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
班级编号:,班级名称:计算机软件1班,班级学生:
学生编号:,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18
学生编号:,学生姓名:李白,学生性别:男,学生年龄:20
学生编号:,学生姓名:张无忌,学生性别:男,学生年龄:19
学生编号:,学生姓名:赵敏,学生性别:女,学生年龄:17
可以发现,只有一条 SQL 语句,并且是多表联查。
方式二:多表单独查询方式测试结果:
-02-15 10:56:49,965 [main] DEBUG DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname from classes where cid=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(String)
DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from student where classno=?
DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters:(String)
DEBUG [main] - <==== Total:
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
班级编号:,班级名称:计算机软件1班,班级学生:
学生编号:,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18
学生编号:,学生姓名:李白,学生性别:男,学生年龄:20
学生编号:,学生姓名:张无忌,学生性别:男,学生年龄:19
学生编号:,学生姓名:赵敏,学生性别:女,学生年龄:17
可以发现,其 SQL 语句是两条,即各查各的,共用同一个参数。第 1 条先查一方的表,第 2 条再查多方的表。
多对一查询
多对一关联查询是指在查询多方对象的时候,同时将其所关联的一方对象也查询出来。
由于在查询多方对象时也是一个一个查询,所以多对一关联查询,其实就是一对一关联查询。即一对一关联查询的实现方式与多对一的实现方式是相同的。 配置多对一关联的重点在于“多方”的映射文件要有 <association> 属性关联“一方”。
项目案例: 查询学号为1的学生,同时获取他所在班级的完整信息
实现步骤:
【1】创建 StudentMapper.java 接口,并添加方法 searchStudentsById(int id) 如下:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
public interface StudentMapper {
public Student searchStudentsById(int id);
}
【2】创建 StudentMapper.xml 映射文件,有以下两种方式:
方式一:多表联合查询。
<!-- 多表联合查询 -->
<resultMap id="studentResultMapper" type="student">
<id property="sid" column="id" />
<result property="sname" column="studentname" />
<result property="sex" column="gender" />
<result property="age" column="age" />
<!-- 关联属性 -->
<association property="classes" javaType="classes">
<id property="cid" column="cid" />
<result property="cname" column="cname" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 多表连接查询 -->
<select id="searchStudentsById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentResultMapper">
select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from classes,student
where classes.cid=student.classno
and student.id=#{id}
</select>
方式二:多表单独查询。
<!-- 以下注释的是方式二:多表单独查询 -->
<resultMap id="studentResultMap" type="student">
<id property="sid" column="id" />
<result property="sname" column="studentname" />
<result property="sex" column="gender" />
<result property="age" column="age" />
<!-- 关联属性 -->
<association property="classes" javaType="classes" select="findClassesById" column="classno"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="searchStudentsById" resultMap="studentResultMap">
select id,studentname,gender,age,classno from student where id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="findClassesById" parameterType="String" resultType="classes">
select cid,cname from classes where cid=#{cid}
</select>
【3】创建 StudentMapperTest 测试类,并添加如下方法:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Classes;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class StudentMapperTest {
SqlSessionFactory factory=null;
@Before
public void init(){
try {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testSearchStudentsById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
Student student = mapper.searchStudentsById();
System.out.println(student.show());
System.out.println("所在班级:");
Classes classes=student.getClasses();
System.out.println(classes.toString());
}
}
方式一:多表联合查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select cid,cname,id,studentname,gender,age from
classes,student where classes.cid=student.classno and student.id=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
学生编号:,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18
所在班级:
Classes(cid=, cname=计算机软件1班, students=null)
可以发现,它发出的 SQL 语句是多表查询。
方式一:多表单独查询方式测试结果:
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select id,studentname,gender,age,classno from student where id=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select cid,cname from classes where cid=?
DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters:(String)
DEBUG [main] - <==== Total:
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
学生编号:,学生姓名:张飞,学生性别:男,学生年龄:18
所在班级:
Classes(cid=, cname=计算机软件1班, students=null)
可以发现,它发出的 SQL 语句是两条,即各查各的,共用同一个参数。
自连接查询
自连接的查询可以用一对多来处理,也可以用多对一来处理。例如,员工表,每个员工都有一个上司,但上司同时也是员工表的一条记录,这种情况可用自连接查询出每个员工对应的上司信息,也可以查出每个上司有哪些下属员工。
使用多对一的方式实现自连接
项目案例:查询员工的信息及对应的上司信息。
思路分析: 可将员工当做多方,上司当做一方。
实现步骤:
【1】修改数据库。
添加一个表 employee 并插入测试数据,具体如下:
create table employee (
empid double ,
empname varchar (),
job varchar (),
leader double
);
insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('','jack','clerk','3');
insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('','mike','salesman','3');
insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('','john','manager','4');
insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('','smith','president',NULL);
insert into employee (empid, empname, job, leader) values('','rose','salesman','3');
【2】创建实体类 Employee,代码如下:
package cn.kgc.my.entity;
public class Employee {
private int empid;
private String empname;
private String job;
private Employee leader;
public int getEmpid() {
return empid;
}
public void setEmpid(int empid) {
this.empid = empid;
}
public String getEmpname() {
return empname;
}
public void setEmpname(String empname) {
this.empname = empname;
}
public String getJob() {
return job;
}
public void setJob(String job) {
this.job = job;
}
public Employee getLeader() {
return leader;
}
public void setLeader(Employee leader) {
this.leader = leader;
}
public String toString(){
return "员工编号:"+getEmpid()+",员工姓名:"+getEmpname()+",员工职位:"+getJob();
}
}
可以发现,里面存在着嵌套,Employee 里面的一个属性 leader 本身就是 Employee 类型。
【3】创建 EmployeeMapper.java 接口,添加 findEmployeeAndLeaderById 方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Employee;
public interface EmployeeMapper {
Employee findEmployeeAndLeaderById(int id);
}
【4】创建 EmployeeMapper.xml 映射文件,代码如下:
<?xml version=".0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my.mapper.EmployeeMapper">
<resultMap id="empResultMap" type="employee">
<id property="empid" column="empid" />
<result property="empname" column="empname" />
<result property="job" column="job" />
<association property="leader" javaType="Employee"
select="findEmployeeAndLeaderById" column="leader"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="findEmployeeAndLeaderById" parameterType="int" resultMap="empResultMap">
select * from employee where empid=#{empid}
</select>
</mapper>
【5】创建 EmployeeMapperTest.java 测试类
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Classes;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Employee;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class EmployeeMapperTest {
SqlSessionFactory factory=null;
@Before
public void init(){
try {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testFindEmployeeAndLeaderById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
Employee employee=mapper.findEmployeeAndLeaderById();
Employee leader=employee.getLeader();
System.out.println(employee.toString());
System.out.println("他的上司是:"+leader.toString());
//System.out.println("他的上司的上司是:"+leader.getLeader().toString());
}
}
测试结果: 查询员工
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=?
DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - ======> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=?
DEBUG [main] - ======> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - <====== Total:
DEBUG [main] - <==== Total:
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
员工编号:,员工姓名:jack,员工职位:clerk
他的上司是:员工编号:,员工姓名:john,员工职位:manager
从上面的 SQL 语句中发现,出现了 3 条 SQL 语句,这个查询存在嵌套,先查员工1,然后查他的直接上司3,再查上司的上司4。这种情况不影响什么,甚至可以实现直接输出上司的上司,但要注意输出语句不要出现地柜,即输出语句不要出现输出上司。
要同时查上司的上司,只需要在上面的测试类中多加一条语句:
System.out.println("他的上司的上司是:"+leader.getLeader().toString());
使用一对多的方式实现自连接
项目案例:查询某位领导及其直接下属员工。
思路分析: 可用一对多的方式来实现,员工(领导)当作一方,员工(下属)当作多方。
实现步骤:
【1】修改实体类 Employee,代码如下:
package cn.kgc.my.entity;
import java.util.List;
public class Employee {
private int empid;
private String empname;
private String job;
//员工的上司
private Employee leader;
//员工的下属
private List<Employee> employees;
public List<Employee> getEmployees() {
return employees;
}
public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) {
this.employees = employees;
}
public int getEmpid() {
return empid;
}
public void setEmpid(int empid) {
this.empid = empid;
}
public String getEmpname() {
return empname;
}
public void setEmpname(String empname) {
this.empname = empname;
}
public String getJob() {
return job;
}
public void setJob(String job) {
this.job = job;
}
public Employee getLeader() {
return leader;
}
public void setLeader(Employee leader) {
this.leader = leader;
}
public String toString(){
return "员工编号:"+getEmpid()+",员工姓名:"+getEmpname()+",员工职位:"+getJob();
}
}
【2】在 EmployeeMapper.java 接口中,添加 findLeaderAndEmployeesById 方法如下:
Employee findLeaderAndEmployeesById(int id);
【3】在 EmployeeMapper.xml 映射文件中,添加 findEmployeeAndLeaderById 的映射方法内容如下:
<!-- 一对多的方式实现自连接 -->
<resultMap id="empResultMap" type="employee">
<id property="empid" column="empid" />
<result property="empname" column="empname" />
<result property="job" column="job" />
<!-- 关联属性的映射关系
集合的数据来自指定的select查询,该select查询的动态参数来自column指定的字段值 -->
<collection property="employees" ofType="employee"
select="selectEmployeesByLeader" column="empid"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectEmployeesByLeader" resultType="employee">
select * from employee where leader=#{empid}
</select>
<select id="findLeaderAndEmployeesById" parameterType="int" resultMap="empResultMap">
select * from employee where empid=#{empid}
</select>
【4】在 EmployeeMapperTest.java 测试类中,添加如下内容:
@Test
public void testTestFindLeaderAndEmployeesById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
Employee leader=mapper.findLeaderAndEmployeesById();
List<Employee> employees = leader.getEmployees();
System.out.println(leader.toString());
System.out.println("他的直接下属有:");
for (Employee employee : employees) {
System.out.println(employee.toString());
}
}
测试结果: 查询经理
DEBUG [main] - ==> Preparing: select * from employee where empid=?
DEBUG [main] - ==> Parameters:(Integer)
DEBUG [main] - ====> Preparing: select * from employee where leader=?
DEBUG [main] - ====> Parameters:.0(Double)
DEBUG [main] - <==== Total:
DEBUG [main] - <== Total:
员工编号:,员工姓名:smith,员工职位:president
他的直接下属有:
员工编号:,员工姓名:john,员工职位:manager
多对多查询
原理: 多对多可以分拆成两个一对多来处理,需要一个中间表,各自与中间表实现一对多的关系。
项目案例:一个学生可以选人修多门课程,一门课程可以给多个学生选修,课程与学生之间是典型的多对多。实现查询一个学生信息,同时查出他的所有选修课,还有实现查询一门课程信息,同时查出所有的选修了该课程的学生信息。
思路分析: 多对多需要第三表来体现,数据库中除了课程表,学生表,还需要学生课程表。
实现步骤:
【1】修改数据库,代码如下:
CREATE DATABASE studentdb;
USE studentdb ;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS student ;
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT() NOT NULL,
studentname VARCHAR() DEFAULT NULL,
gender CHAR() DEFAULT NULL,
age INT() DEFAULT NULL,
classno VARCHAR(),
PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)
INSERT INTO student ( id , studentname , gender , age , classno ) VALUES (,'张飞','男',18,'201801'),(2,'李白','男',20,'201801'),(3,'张无忌','男',19,'201801'),(4,'赵敏','女',17,'201801');
CREATE TABLE classes (
cid VARCHAR (),
cname VARCHAR ()
);
INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('','计算机软件1班');
INSERT INTO classes (cid, cname) VALUES('','计算机软件2班');
CREATE TABLE employee (
empid DOUBLE ,
empname VARCHAR (),
job VARCHAR (),
leader DOUBLE
);
INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('','jack','clerk','3');
INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('','mike','salesman','3');
INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('','john','manager','4');
INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('','smith','president',NULL);
INSERT INTO employee (empid, empname, job, leader) VALUES('','rose','salesman','3');
CREATE TABLE course (
courseid DOUBLE ,
coursename VARCHAR ()
);
INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('','java');
INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('','android');
INSERT INTO course (courseid, coursename) VALUES('','PHP');
CREATE TABLE studentcourse (
id DOUBLE ,
studentid DOUBLE ,
courseid DOUBLE
);
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','1','1');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','1','2');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','2','1');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','2','2');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','3','1');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','3','2');
INSERT INTO studentcourse (id, studentid, courseid) VALUES('','1','3');
【2】新增实体类 Course 和修改实体类 Student 。
Course 类如下:
package cn.kgc.my.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Course {
private int courseid;
private String coursename;
private List<Student> students;
public String toString(){
return "课程编号:"+getCourseid()+",课程名称:"+getCoursename();
}
}
Student类如下,添加一个属性courses和getter,setter方法。
private List<Course> courses;
public List<Course> getCourses() {
return courses;
}
public void setCourses(List<Course> courses) {
this.courses = courses;
}
【3】新建 StudentMapper.java 接口,并添加一个方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
public interface StudentMapper {
public Student searchStudentById(int id);
}
【4】配置对应的 StudentMapper.xml 映射,代码如下:
<?xml version=".0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my.mapper.StudentMapper">
<resultMap id="studentMap" type="student">
<id property="sid" column="id" />
<result property="sname" column="studentname" />
<result property="sex" column="gender" />
<result property="age" column="age" />
<!-- 关联属性的映射关系 -->
<collection property="courses" ofType="Course">
<id property="courseid" column="courseid" />
<result property="coursename" column="coursename" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 多表连接查询 -->
<select id="searchStudentById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
select student.id,studentname,gender,age,course.courseid,coursename from course,student,studentcourse
where course.courseid=studentcourse.courseid
and student.id=studentcourse.studentid and student.id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
【5】创建测试类 StudentMapperTest 类
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Classes;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Course;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentMapperTest {
SqlSessionFactory factory=null;
@Before
public void init(){
try {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testSearchStudentsById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
Student student = mapper.searchStudentById();
System.out.println(student.show());
System.out.println("-----该生选修了以下课程:-----------");
List<Course> courses=student.getCourses();
for(Course course:courses){
System.out.println(course.toString());
}
}
}
测试结果:
【6】新建 CourseMapper.java 接口,并添加一个方法如下:
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Course;
public interface CourseMapper {
//根据id查找课程,即时获取选个性该课程的学生
public Course searchCourseById(int id);
}
【7】配置对应的 CourseMapper.xml 映射,代码如下:
<?xml version=".0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.kgc.my.mapper.CourseMapper">
<resultMap id="courseMap" type="course">
<id property="courseid" column="courseid" />
<result property="coursename" column="coursename" />
<!-- 关联属性的映射关系 -->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<id property="sid" column="id" />
<result property="sname" column="studentname" />
<result property="sex" column="gender" />
<result property="age" column="age" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 多表连接查询 -->
<select id="searchCourseById" parameterType="int" resultMap="courseMap">
select student.id,studentname,gender,age,course.courseid,coursename from course,student,studentcourse
where course.courseid=studentcourse.courseid
and student.id=studentcourse.studentid and course.courseid=#{courseid}
</select>
</mapper>
【8】创建测试类 CourseMapperTest 类
package cn.kgc.my.mapper;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Course;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Employee;
import cn.kgc.my.entity.Student;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class CourseMapperTest{
SqlSessionFactory factory=null;
@Before
public void init(){
try {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/mybatis-config.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testSearchCourseById() {
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession(true);
CourseMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CourseMapper.class);
Course course = mapper.searchCourseById();
System.out.println(course.toString());
System.out.println("-------该课程有以下学生选修:------");
List<Student> students=course.getStudents();
for(Student student:students){
System.out.println(student.show());
}
}
}
测试效果: