Golang爬虫,Go&&正则爬取数据,杠杆的

Golang
394
0
0
2022-08-19

字符

  • ——匹配任意字符 e.g: abc. 结果: abcd,abcx,abc9;
  • [] ——匹配括号中任意一个字符 e.g: [abc]d 结果:ad,cd,1d;
  • ——[-]中表示范围 e.g: [A-Za-z0-9];
  • ^ ——[^]中表示除括号中的任意字符 e.g:[^xy]a 结果:aa,da,不能为xa,ya;

数量限定

  • ? ——前面单元匹配0或1次;
  • ——前面单元匹配1或多次;
  • ——前面单元匹配0或多次;
  • {,} ——显示个数上下线;e.g : ip地址——[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3};

其他

  • \ ——转义字符;
  • | ——条件或;
  • () ——组成单元 如果字符串本身有括号”[(] aaa. [)]” ;

方法

//参数正则字符串,返回值*Regexp
str := regexp.MustCompile(string) 
//参数要查找的数据,查找次数-1为全局,返回值二维数组,查找出的字符串+正则字符串
var result [][]string = str.FindAllStringSubmatch(data, -1)

爬虫

爬取xx园所有文章阅读量,评论,推荐;

package main

import (
 "fmt" 
 "io" 
 "net/http" 
 "regexp" 
 "strconv"
)

var readCount int = 0
var commentCount int = 0
var diggCount int = 0

//http读取网页数据写入result返回
func HttpGet(url string) (result string, err error) {
 resp, err1 := http.Get(url)
 if err1 != nil {
  err = err1
  return
 }
 defer resp.Body.Close()

 buf := make([]byte, 4096)

 for {
  n, err2 := resp.Body.Read(buf)
  //fmt.Println(url) 
  if n == 0 {
   break
  }
  if err2 != nil && err2 != io.EOF {
   err = err2
   return
  }
  result += string(buf[:n])
 }
 return result, err
}

//横向纵向爬取文章标题数据,并累计数值
func SpiderPageDB(index int, page chan int) {
 url := "https://www.cnblogs.com/littleperilla/default.html?page=" + strconv.Itoa(index)

 result, err := HttpGet(url)

 if err != nil {
  fmt.Println("HttpGet err:", err)
  return
 }

 str := regexp.MustCompile("post-view-count\">阅读[(](?s:(.*?))[)]</span>")
 alls := str.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1)
 for _, j := range alls {
  temp, err := strconv.Atoi(j[1])
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("string2int err:", err)
  }
  readCount += temp
 }

 str = regexp.MustCompile("post-comment-count\">评论[(](?s:(.*?))[)]</span>")
 alls = str.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1)
 for _, j := range alls {
  temp, err := strconv.Atoi(j[1])
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("string2int err:", err)
  }
  commentCount += temp
 }

 str = regexp.MustCompile("post-digg-count\">推荐[(](?s:(.*?))[)]</span>")
 alls = str.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1)
 for _, j := range alls {
  temp, err := strconv.Atoi(j[1])
  if err != nil {
   fmt.Println("string2int err:", err)
  }
  diggCount += temp
 }

 page <- index
}

//主要工作方法
func working(start, end int) {
 fmt.Printf("正在从%d到%d爬取中...\n", start, end)

 //channel通知主线程是否所有go都结束
 page := make(chan int)

 //多线程go程同时爬取 
 for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
  go SpiderPageDB(i, page)
 }

 for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
  fmt.Printf("拉取到%d页\n", <-page)
 }
}

//入口函数
func main() {
 //输入爬取的起始页 
 var start, end int
 fmt.Print("startPos:")
 fmt.Scan(&start)
 fmt.Print("endPos:")
 fmt.Scan(&end)

 working(start, end)

 fmt.Println("阅读:", readCount)
 fmt.Println("评论:", commentCount)
 fmt.Println("推荐:", diggCount)
}

效果图如下

Golang爬虫,Go&&正则爬取数据,杠杆的

其他实例

golang爬虫爬取经典案例豆瓣,例子可以借鉴,正则要好好利用

package main

import (
    "fmt" 
    "io" 
    "net/http" 
    "os" 
    "regexp" 
    "strconv"
)

func savToFile(index int, filmName, filmScore [][]string) {
    f, err := os.Create("第" + strconv.Itoa(index) + "页.txt")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("os create err", err)
        return
    }
    defer f.Close()
    // 查出有多少条
    n := len(filmName)
    // 先写抬头 名称     评分
    f.WriteString("电影名称" + "\t\t\t" + "评分" + "\n")
    for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
        f.WriteString(filmName[i][1] + "\t\t\t" + filmScore[i][1] + "\n")
    }
}

func main() {
    var start, end int
    fmt.Print("请输入要爬取的起始页")
    fmt.Scan(&start)
    fmt.Print("请输入要爬取的终止页")
    fmt.Scan(&end)
    working(start, end)
}

func working(start int, end int) {
    fmt.Printf("正在爬取%d到%d页", start, end)
    for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
        SpiderPage(i)
    }
}

// 爬取一个豆瓣页面数据信息保存到文档
func SpiderPage(index int) {
    // 获取url
    url := "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=" + strconv.Itoa((index-1)*25) + "&filter="

    // 爬取url对应页面
    result, err := HttpGet(url)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("httpget err", err)
        return
    }
    //fmt.Println("result=", result) 
    // 解析,编译正则表达式  ---电影名称
    ret := regexp.MustCompile(`<img width="100" alt="(?s:(.*?))"`)
    filmName := ret.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1)
    for _, name := range filmName {
        fmt.Println("name", name[1])
    }

    ret2 := regexp.MustCompile(`<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(?s:(.*?))<`)
    filmScore := ret2.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1)
    for _, score := range filmScore {
        fmt.Println("score", score[1])
    }

    savToFile(index, filmName, filmScore)

}

// 爬取指定url页面,返回result
func HttpGet(url string) (result string, err error) {
    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
    // 设置头部信息
    req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36 OPR/66.0.3515.115")
    resp, err1 := (&http.Client{}).Do(req)
    //resp, err1 := http.Get(url)  //此方法已经被豆瓣视为爬虫,返回状态吗为418,所以必须伪装头部用上述办法 
    if err1 != nil {
        err = err1
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    buf := make([]byte, 4096)

    //循环爬取整页数据 
    for {
        n, err2 := resp.Body.Read(buf)
        if n == 0 {
            break
        }
        if err2 != nil && err2 != io.EOF {
            err = err2
            return
        }
        result += string(buf[:n])
    }

    return

}