本文实例为大家分享了Java Web实现简易图书管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
前言
首先实现的是用户的登录注册，注册成功后自动跳转到图书列表页面，之后实现图书的增删改查功能。（菜鸡学习中，大佬勿喷）
一、运行环境
1.数据库：MySQL：5.7
2.Tomcat Apache 8.5
3.编译器：Eclipse 2020版
二、使用步骤
1.MySQL文件
User.sql：
*
Navicat Premium Data Transfer
Source Server : localhost_3306
Source Server Type : MySQL
Source Server Version : 50723
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Schema : library
Target Server Type : MySQL
Target Server Version : 50723
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 10/06/2021 17:59:30
*/
SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 6 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, 'admin', 'admin');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, 'root', 'root');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (5, '123', '4596');
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
booklist.sql：
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : 121.36.6.154_3306
Source Server Version : 50720
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : library
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50720
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2021-06-22 16:05:51
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for booklist
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `booklist`;
CREATE TABLE `booklist` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`bookname` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`author` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`status` tinyint(255) NOT NULL,
`price` double(10,0) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=9 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
2.项目的目录层次结构，导包
3.DBUtil类的创建
package com.qfnu.util;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DBUtilTmp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 0.准备连接数据库的资源
String username = "root";
String password = "root";
// String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hellojdbc";
String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/library";
String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
// 1.加载驱动
Class.forName(driver);
// 2.获取连接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 7.释放资源，关闭连接 - 先申请的后释放
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
}
if (pst != null) {
pst.close();
}
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
4.Dao层的方法
userdao.java
package com.qfnu.Dao;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.qfnu.entity.User;
import com.qfnu.util.DBUtil;
public class UserDao {
public List<User> getAllUsers() throws SQLException {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
// 获取连接
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
// 创建 sql 语句
String sql = "select * from user";
// 创建 PreparedStatement 对象
PreparedStatement pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
// 执行 sql 语句,保存结果集
ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
/**
* 遍历结果集，将结果集中的每一条记录的每个字段值取出，
* 封装为一个 user 对象，并把该 user 对象加入到 users 集合中。
*/
while (rs.next()) {
// 2.直接调用带参构造器
User user = new User(rs.getInt("id"),
rs.getString("username"),
rs.getString("password")
);
users.add(user);
}
return users;
}
public void addUser(String username, String password) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
// 获取连接
conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
// 创建 sql 语句
String sql = "insert into user(username,password) values(?,?)";
// 创建 PreparedStatement 对象
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
// 确定占位符的值
pst.setString(1, username);
pst.setString(2, password);
// 执行 sql 语句
int result = pst.executeUpdate();
if (result>0) {
System.out.println("添加用户成功！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("添加用户失败...");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
DBUtil.release(conn, pst, rs);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
bookdao.java
package com.qfnu.Dao;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.qfnu.entity.Book;
import com.qfnu.util.DBUtil;
import com.qfnu.entity.Book;
public class BookDao {
public List<Book> getAllBooks() throws SQLException {
List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
String sql = "select * from booklist";
PreparedStatement pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
Book book = new Book(rs.getInt("id"),
rs.getString("bookname"),
rs.getString("author"),
rs.getInt("status"),
rs.getDouble("price"));
books.add(book);
}
return books;
}
public void addBook(String bookname,String author,int status,double price ) {
List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
// 获取连接
conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
// 创建 sql 语句
String sql = "insert into booklist(bookname,author,status,price) values(?,?,?,?)";
// 创建 PreparedStatement 对象
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
// 确定占位符的值
pst.setString(1, bookname);
pst.setString(2, author);
pst.setInt(3, status);
pst.setDouble(4, price);
// 执行 sql 语句
int result = pst.executeUpdate();
if (result>0) {
System.out.println("图书添加成功！");
} else {
System.out.println("图书添加失败！");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
DBUtil.release(conn, pst, rs);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public void delBook(int id) {
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
// 获取连接
conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
// 创建 sql 语句
String sql = "DELETE FROM booklist WHERE id = ?";
// 创建 PreparedStatement 对象
pst = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
// 确定占位符的值
pst.setInt(1, id);
// 执行 sql 语句
int result = pst.executeUpdate();
if (result>0) {
System.out.println("删除图书成功！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("删除图书失败...");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
DBUtil.release(conn, pst, rs);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public List<Book> SearchBook(String booksname) throws SQLException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
Book book=new Book();
List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();
String sql="select * from booklist where bookname=?";
try {
conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
pst=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pst.setString(1, booksname);
rs=pst.executeQuery();
if(rs.next()) {
String bookname=rs.getString(2);
String author=rs.getString(3);
int status=rs.getInt(4);
Double price=rs.getDouble(5);
book = new Book(bookname,author,status,price);
}
books.add(book);
DBUtil.release(conn, pst, rs);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return books;
}
public boolean UpdateBook(String bookname,String author,int status,double price) {
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
String sql="update booklist set author=?,status=?,price=? where bookname=?";
try {
conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
pst=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
Book book = new Book(bookname,author,status,price);
pst.setString(1, book.getAuthor());
pst.setInt(2, book.getStatus());
pst.setDouble(3, book.getPrice());
pst.setString(4, book.getBookname());
if(pst.executeUpdate()!=0) {
return true;
}
DBUtil.release(conn, pst, rs);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
}
5.封装到Service层
UserService.java
package com.qfnu.service;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.qfnu.Dao.UserDao;
import com.qfnu.entity.User;
public class UserService {
UserDao userDao = new UserDao();
public void addUser(String username, String password) {
userDao.addUser(username, password);
}
public List<User> getAllUsers() throws SQLException{
return userDao.getAllUsers();
}
}
BookService.java
package com.qfnu.service;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import com.qfnu.entity.Book;
import com.qfnu.Dao.BookDao;
public class BookService {
BookDao bookDao =new BookDao();
public List<Book> getAllBooks() throws SQLException{
return bookDao.getAllBooks();
}
public void addBook(String bookname,String author,int status,double price) {
bookDao.addBook(bookname, author,status,price);
}
public void delUser(int id) {
bookDao.delBook(id);
}
public List<Book> SearchBook(String bookname) throws SQLException {
return bookDao.SearchBook(bookname);
}
public boolean UpdateBook(String bookname,String author,int status,double price ) {
boolean flag=bookDao.UpdateBook(bookname,author,status,price);
if(flag==true) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
6.在Controller层进行调用
LoginController.java (用户的登录)
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import com.qfnu.entity.User;
import com.qfnu.service.UserService;
@WebServlet("/LoginController")
public class LoginController extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 获取用户输入的用户名和密码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
UserService userService = new UserService();
List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String url = "login.jsp";
try {
// 调用 service 层的 getAllUsers 方法来获取所有用户信息
users = userService.getAllUsers();
// 对 list 集合进行遍历
for (User user : users) {
if (username.equals(user.getUsername())) {
if (password.equals(user.getPassword())) {
// 把后端的数据传递给前端展示：作用域
out.write("<script>alert('登录成功!')</script>");
request.getRequestDispatcher("BookListController").forward(request, response);
break;
}
}
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
out.write("<script>alert('登录失败！')</script>");
request.getRequestDispatcher(url).forward(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
RegisterCntroller.java (用户的注册功能)
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.qfnu.service.UserService;
@WebServlet("/RegisterController")
public class RegisterController extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 获取用户输入的用户名和密码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
UserService userService = new UserService();
userService.addUser(username, password);
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("<script>alert('注册成功!');window.location.href='login.jsp'</script>");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
addBookController.java (图书的增加功能)
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.qfnu.service.BookService;
@WebServlet("/addBookController")
public class addBookController extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//设置相应的文本类型
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
BookService bookService = new BookService();
String bookname=request.getParameter("bookname");
String author=request.getParameter("author");
int status = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("status"));
double price = Double.parseDouble(request.getParameter("price"));
bookService.addBook(bookname, author, status, price);
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.write("<script>alert('添加成功!');</script>");
request.getRequestDispatcher("BookListController").forward(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
}
BookDelController.java (图书的删除)
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.qfnu.service.BookService;
@WebServlet("/BookDelController")
public class BookDelController extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String idString = request.getParameter("id");
int id = Integer.parseInt(idString);
BookService bookService = new BookService();
bookService.delUser(id);
request.getRequestDispatcher("BookListController").forward(request, response);
}
}
updataBook.java (图书的更新功能)
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.qfnu.service.BookService;
@WebServlet("/updataBook")
public class updataBookController extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//设置相应的文本类型
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
BookService bookService = new BookService();
String bookname=request.getParameter("bookname");
String author =request.getParameter("author");
int status=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("status"));
double price = Double.parseDouble(request.getParameter("price"));
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
boolean flag = bookService.UpdateBook(bookname, author, status, price);
if(flag==true) {
out.print("<script>alert('更新成功!');</script>");
request.getRequestDispatcher("BookListController").forward(request, response);
}
else out.print("<script>alert('更新失败!');window.location.href='updataBook.jsp'</script>");
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
SearchBookController.java (图书的搜索功能)
```java
package com.qfnu.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.qfnu.entity.Book;
import com.qfnu.service.BookService;
@WebServlet("/SearchBook")
public class SearchBookController extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
String bookname=request.getParameter("bookname");
BookService bookservice = new BookService();
try {
List<Book> books = bookservice.SearchBook(bookname);
request.setAttribute("books", books);
request.getRequestDispatcher("searchBook.jsp").forward(request, response);
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
7.总结
代码太多了，前端的东西就不放了，都是最基本的JSP文件，上述代码可能会有错，我还在不断学习中