【JS】基于node-media-server搭建流媒体服务器示例

😏1. node-media-server介绍

node-media-server 是一个基于 Node.js 的流媒体服务器，它提供了构建和管理实时音视频流媒体应用程序所需的功能。它是一个开源项目，具有灵活性和可扩展性，适用于各种流媒体应用场景。

以下是一些 node-media-server 的特点和功能：

1.RTMP支持：node-media-server 支持 RTMP（Real-Time Messaging Protocol）协议，用于接收和传输实时的音视频流。RTMP 适用于实时直播和互动应用等场景。

2.多路并发流支持：node-media-server 具有多路并发流处理能力，可以同时处理多个流媒体的接收、转码、推流和录制等操作。

3.高性能和低延迟：node-media-server 的设计注重高性能和低延迟，使其适用于实时应用场景，如实时直播、互动直播和视频聊天等。

4.支持多种编码格式：node-media-server 支持多种常用的音视频编码格式，如 H.264、AAC、VP8 等，使其能够处理不同类型的流媒体数据。

5.功能丰富的 API：node-media-server 提供了丰富的 API，方便开发人员进行配置和管理。你可以通过编写代码来定制和扩展服务器的功能。

6.高度可配置：node-media-server 具有灵活的配置选项，允许你根据特定需求进行定制。你可以配置服务器的端口、流媒体路径、认证方式等。

😊2. 环境安装与配置

 
# 安装nodejs和ffmpeg
sudo apt install nodejs ffmpeg
# 安装node-media-server
npm install node-media-server

😆3. 应用示例

创建app.js，写入：

 
const NodeMediaServer= require('node-media-server');
const config = {
    rtmp: {
        port: 1935,
        chunk_size: 60000,
        gop_cache: true,
        ping: 60,
        ping_timeout: 30
    },
    http: {
        port: 8000,
        allow_origin: '*',
    }
};
 
var nms = new NodeMediaServer(config)
nms.run();

运行该程序：node app.js

准备好一个mp4视频，用ffmpeg命令行推流（也可自己写程序）：


ffmpeg -re -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a copy -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/live/stream_name

最后效果示例，地址在http://localhost:8000/admin/：

另外，也可以用C++程序来实现视频推流，下面是一个示例：

 
// defer.h
#ifndef FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H
#define FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H
 
#include <utility>
 
template<typename F> class defer_raii
{
public:
    // copy/move construction and any kind of assignment would lead to the cleanup function getting
    // called twice. We can't have that.
    defer_raii(defer_raii&&)                 = delete;
    defer_raii(const defer_raii&)            = delete;
    defer_raii& operator=(const defer_raii&) = delete;
    defer_raii& operator=(defer_raii&&)      = delete;
 
    // construct the object from the given callable
    template<typename FF> defer_raii(FF&& f) : cleanup_function(std::forward<FF>(f)) {}
 
    // when the object goes out of scope call the cleanup function
    ~defer_raii() { cleanup_function(); }
 
private:
    F cleanup_function;
};
 
template<typename F> defer_raii<F> defer_func(F&& f) { return { std::forward<F>(f) }; }
 
#define DEFER_ACTUALLY_JOIN(x, y) x##y
#define DEFER_JOIN(x, y)          DEFER_ACTUALLY_JOIN(x, y)
#ifdef __COUNTER__
#define DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(x) DEFER_JOIN(x, __COUNTER__)
#else
#define DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(x) DEFER_JOIN(x, __LINE__)
#endif
 
#define defer(lambda__)                                                                                    \
    [[maybe_unused]] const auto& DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(_defer_) = defer_func([&]() { lambda__; })
 
#endif // !FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H
// main.cpp
extern "C" {
#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/time.h>
}
 
#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
#include <stdint.h>
 
#include "defer.h"
// #include "logging.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include "fmt/format.h"
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // Logger::init(argv[0]);
 
    if (argc < 3) {
        std::cout << "pushing <input_video> <rtmp_name>" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
 
    const char * in_filename = argv[1];
    const char * rtmp_name = argv[2];
 
    AVFormatContext * decoder_fmt_ctx = nullptr;
    avformat_open_input(&decoder_fmt_ctx, in_filename, nullptr, nullptr);
    avformat_find_stream_info(decoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);
 
    int video_stream_idx = av_find_best_stream(decoder_fmt_ctx, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, -1, -1, nullptr, 0);
    // CHECK(video_stream_idx >= 0);
 
    // decoder
    auto decoder = avcodec_find_decoder(decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->codecpar->codec_id);
    // CHECK_NOTNULL(decoder);
 
    // decoder context
    AVCodecContext * decoder_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(decoder);
    // CHECK_NOTNULL(decoder_ctx);
 
    avcodec_parameters_to_context(decoder_ctx, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->codecpar);
    avcodec_open2(decoder_ctx, decoder, nullptr);
 
    av_dump_format(decoder_fmt_ctx, 0, in_filename, 0);
 
    //
    // output
    //
    AVFormatContext * encoder_fmt_ctx = nullptr;
    avformat_alloc_output_context2(&encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr, "flv", nullptr);
    avformat_new_stream(encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);
 
    // encoder
    auto encoder = avcodec_find_encoder_by_name("libx264");
    // CHECK_NOTNULL(encoder);
 
    AVCodecContext *encoder_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(encoder);
    // CHECK_NOTNULL(encoder_ctx);
 
    AVDictionary* encoder_options = nullptr;
    av_dict_set(&encoder_options, "crf", "23", AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
    av_dict_set(&encoder_options, "threads", "auto", AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
    defer(av_dict_free(&encoder_options));
 
    // encoder codec params
    encoder_ctx->height = decoder_ctx->height;
    encoder_ctx->width = decoder_ctx->width;
    encoder_ctx->pix_fmt = decoder_ctx->pix_fmt;
    encoder_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio = decoder_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio;
    encoder_ctx->framerate = av_guess_frame_rate(decoder_fmt_ctx, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx], nullptr);
 
    // time base
    encoder_ctx->time_base = av_inv_q(encoder_ctx->framerate);
    encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base = encoder_ctx->time_base;
 
    avcodec_open2(encoder_ctx, encoder, &encoder_options);
    avcodec_parameters_from_context(encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->codecpar, encoder_ctx);
 
    if (!(encoder_fmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
        avio_open(&encoder_fmt_ctx->pb, rtmp_name, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
    }
 
    avformat_write_header(encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);
 
    av_dump_format(encoder_fmt_ctx, 0, rtmp_name, 1);
 
    AVPacket * in_packet = av_packet_alloc();
    defer(av_packet_free(&in_packet));
    AVPacket * out_packet = av_packet_alloc();
    defer(av_packet_free(&out_packet));
    AVFrame * in_frame = av_frame_alloc();
    defer(av_frame_free(&in_frame));
 
    int64_t first_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
 
    while(av_read_frame(decoder_fmt_ctx, in_packet) >= 0) {
        if (in_packet->stream_index != video_stream_idx) {
            continue;
        }
 
        int ret = avcodec_send_packet(decoder_ctx, in_packet);
        while(ret >= 0) {
            av_frame_unref(in_frame);
            ret = avcodec_receive_frame(decoder_ctx, in_frame);
            if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
                break;
            } else if (ret < 0) {
                std::cout << "[PUSHING] avcodec_receive_frame()";
                return ret;
            }
 
            in_frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE;
 
            // sleep @{
            first_pts = first_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? av_gettime_relative() : first_pts;
 
            int64_t ts = av_gettime_relative() - first_pts;
 
            int64_t pts_us = av_rescale_q(in_frame->pts, encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base, { 1, AV_TIME_BASE });
            int64_t sleep_us = std::max<int64_t>(0, pts_us - ts);
 
            std::cout << fmt::format("[PUSHING] pts = {:>6.3f}s, ts = {:>6.3f}s, sleep = {:>4d}ms, frame = {:>5d}, fps = {:>5.2f}",
                                     pts_us / 1000000.0, ts / 1000000.0, sleep_us / 1000,
                                     encoder_ctx->frame_number, encoder_ctx->frame_number / (ts / 1000000.0));
            av_usleep(sleep_us);
            std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
            // @}
 
            ret = avcodec_send_frame(encoder_ctx, in_frame);
            while(ret >= 0) {
                av_packet_unref(out_packet);
                ret = avcodec_receive_packet(encoder_ctx, out_packet);
 
                if(ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
                    break;
                } else if(ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
                    std::cout << "[PUSHING] EOF";
                    break;
                } else if(ret < 0) {
                    std::cout << "[PUSHING] avcodec_receive_packet()";
                    return ret;
                }
 
                out_packet->stream_index = 0;
                av_packet_rescale_ts(out_packet, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->time_base, encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base);
 
                if (av_interleaved_write_frame(encoder_fmt_ctx, out_packet) != 0) {
                    std::cout <<"[PUSHING] av_interleaved_write_frame()";
                    return -1;
                }
            }
        }
        av_packet_unref(in_packet);
    }
 
    avformat_close_input(&decoder_fmt_ctx);
    avformat_free_context(encoder_fmt_ctx);
 
    avcodec_free_context(&decoder_ctx);
    avcodec_free_context(&encoder_ctx);
 
    return 0;
}

编译与运行：

 
g++ -o main main.cpp -lavformat -lavcodec -lavutil -lfmt -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
./main test.mp4 rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live/test
# 还不太完善，可改进

	# 安装nodejs和ffmpeg
	sudo apt install nodejs ffmpeg
	# 安装node-media-server
	npm install node-media-server

	const NodeMediaServer= require('node-media-server');
	const config = {
	rtmp: {
	port: 1935,
	chunk_size: 60000,
	gop_cache: true,
	ping: 60,
	ping_timeout: 30
	},
	http: {
	port: 8000,
	allow_origin: '*',
	}
	};

	var nms = new NodeMediaServer(config)
	nms.run();

	// defer.h
	#ifndef FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H
	#define FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H

	#include <utility>

	template<typename F> class defer_raii
	{
	public:
	// copy/move construction and any kind of assignment would lead to the cleanup function getting
	// called twice. We can't have that.
	defer_raii(defer_raii&&) = delete;
	defer_raii(const defer_raii&) = delete;
	defer_raii& operator=(const defer_raii&) = delete;
	defer_raii& operator=(defer_raii&&) = delete;

	// construct the object from the given callable
	template<typename FF> defer_raii(FF&& f) : cleanup_function(std::forward<FF>(f)) {}

	// when the object goes out of scope call the cleanup function
	~defer_raii() { cleanup_function(); }

	private:
	F cleanup_function;
	};

	template<typename F> defer_raii<F> defer_func(F&& f) { return { std::forward<F>(f) }; }

	#define DEFER_ACTUALLY_JOIN(x, y) x##y
	#define DEFER_JOIN(x, y) DEFER_ACTUALLY_JOIN(x, y)
	#ifdef __COUNTER__
	#define DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(x) DEFER_JOIN(x, __COUNTER__)
	#else
	#define DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(x) DEFER_JOIN(x, __LINE__)
	#endif

	#define defer(lambda__) \
	[[maybe_unused]] const auto& DEFER_UNIQUE_VARNAME(_defer_) = defer_func([&]() { lambda__; })

	#endif // !FFMPEG_EXAMPLES_DEFER_H
	// main.cpp
	extern "C" {
	#include <libavutil/avutil.h>
	#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
	#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
	#include <libavutil/time.h>
	}

	#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
	#include <stdint.h>

	#include "defer.h"
	// #include "logging.h"
	#include <iostream>
	#include <chrono>
	#include <thread>
	#include "fmt/format.h"

	int main(int argc, char* argv[])
	{
	// Logger::init(argv[0]);

	if (argc < 3) {
	std::cout << "pushing <input_video> <rtmp_name>" << std::endl;
	return -1;
	}

	const char * in_filename = argv[1];
	const char * rtmp_name = argv[2];

	AVFormatContext * decoder_fmt_ctx = nullptr;
	avformat_open_input(&decoder_fmt_ctx, in_filename, nullptr, nullptr);
	avformat_find_stream_info(decoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);

	int video_stream_idx = av_find_best_stream(decoder_fmt_ctx, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, -1, -1, nullptr, 0);
	// CHECK(video_stream_idx >= 0);

	// decoder
	auto decoder = avcodec_find_decoder(decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->codecpar->codec_id);
	// CHECK_NOTNULL(decoder);

	// decoder context
	AVCodecContext * decoder_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(decoder);
	// CHECK_NOTNULL(decoder_ctx);

	avcodec_parameters_to_context(decoder_ctx, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->codecpar);
	avcodec_open2(decoder_ctx, decoder, nullptr);

	av_dump_format(decoder_fmt_ctx, 0, in_filename, 0);

	//
	// output
	//
	AVFormatContext * encoder_fmt_ctx = nullptr;
	avformat_alloc_output_context2(&encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr, "flv", nullptr);
	avformat_new_stream(encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);

	// encoder
	auto encoder = avcodec_find_encoder_by_name("libx264");
	// CHECK_NOTNULL(encoder);

	AVCodecContext *encoder_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(encoder);
	// CHECK_NOTNULL(encoder_ctx);

	AVDictionary* encoder_options = nullptr;
	av_dict_set(&encoder_options, "crf", "23", AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
	av_dict_set(&encoder_options, "threads", "auto", AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
	defer(av_dict_free(&encoder_options));

	// encoder codec params
	encoder_ctx->height = decoder_ctx->height;
	encoder_ctx->width = decoder_ctx->width;
	encoder_ctx->pix_fmt = decoder_ctx->pix_fmt;
	encoder_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio = decoder_ctx->sample_aspect_ratio;
	encoder_ctx->framerate = av_guess_frame_rate(decoder_fmt_ctx, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx], nullptr);

	// time base
	encoder_ctx->time_base = av_inv_q(encoder_ctx->framerate);
	encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base = encoder_ctx->time_base;

	avcodec_open2(encoder_ctx, encoder, &encoder_options);
	avcodec_parameters_from_context(encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->codecpar, encoder_ctx);

	if (!(encoder_fmt_ctx->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
	avio_open(&encoder_fmt_ctx->pb, rtmp_name, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
	}

	avformat_write_header(encoder_fmt_ctx, nullptr);

	av_dump_format(encoder_fmt_ctx, 0, rtmp_name, 1);

	AVPacket * in_packet = av_packet_alloc();
	defer(av_packet_free(&in_packet));
	AVPacket * out_packet = av_packet_alloc();
	defer(av_packet_free(&out_packet));
	AVFrame * in_frame = av_frame_alloc();
	defer(av_frame_free(&in_frame));

	int64_t first_pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

	while(av_read_frame(decoder_fmt_ctx, in_packet) >= 0) {
	if (in_packet->stream_index != video_stream_idx) {
	continue;
	}

	int ret = avcodec_send_packet(decoder_ctx, in_packet);
	while(ret >= 0) {
	av_frame_unref(in_frame);
	ret = avcodec_receive_frame(decoder_ctx, in_frame);
	if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) \|\| ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
	break;
	} else if (ret < 0) {
	std::cout << "[PUSHING] avcodec_receive_frame()";
	return ret;
	}

	in_frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE;

	// sleep @{
	first_pts = first_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? av_gettime_relative() : first_pts;

	int64_t ts = av_gettime_relative() - first_pts;

	int64_t pts_us = av_rescale_q(in_frame->pts, encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base, { 1, AV_TIME_BASE });
	int64_t sleep_us = std::max<int64_t>(0, pts_us - ts);

	std::cout << fmt::format("[PUSHING] pts = {:>6.3f}s, ts = {:>6.3f}s, sleep = {:>4d}ms, frame = {:>5d}, fps = {:>5.2f}",
	pts_us / 1000000.0, ts / 1000000.0, sleep_us / 1000,
	encoder_ctx->frame_number, encoder_ctx->frame_number / (ts / 1000000.0));
	av_usleep(sleep_us);
	std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(10));
	// @}

	ret = avcodec_send_frame(encoder_ctx, in_frame);
	while(ret >= 0) {
	av_packet_unref(out_packet);
	ret = avcodec_receive_packet(encoder_ctx, out_packet);

	if(ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
	break;
	} else if(ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
	std::cout << "[PUSHING] EOF";
	break;
	} else if(ret < 0) {
	std::cout << "[PUSHING] avcodec_receive_packet()";
	return ret;
	}

	out_packet->stream_index = 0;
	av_packet_rescale_ts(out_packet, decoder_fmt_ctx->streams[video_stream_idx]->time_base, encoder_fmt_ctx->streams[0]->time_base);

	if (av_interleaved_write_frame(encoder_fmt_ctx, out_packet) != 0) {
	std::cout <<"[PUSHING] av_interleaved_write_frame()";
	return -1;
	}
	}
	}
	av_packet_unref(in_packet);
	}

	avformat_close_input(&decoder_fmt_ctx);
	avformat_free_context(encoder_fmt_ctx);

	avcodec_free_context(&decoder_ctx);
	avcodec_free_context(&encoder_ctx);

	return 0;
	}

	g++ -o main main.cpp -lavformat -lavcodec -lavutil -lfmt -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
	./main test.mp4 rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/live/test
	# 还不太完善，可改进