php常用内置函数-Array

PHP技术
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2022-11-12
标签   PHP基础

array_chunk - 将一个数组分割成多个

  • array_chunk(array $array, int $length, bool $preserve_keys = false): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3, 'h', 5=>'w'];
//第三个参数设为true则保留原数组的键名
print_r(array_chunk($arr, 3, true));
//结果
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
)
[1] => Array
(
[3] => h
[5] => w
)
)

array_column - 返回数组中指定列的值

  • array_column(array $array, int|string|null $column_key, int|string|null $index_key = null): array
$arr = [
[
'id' => 1,
'age' => 13,
'name' => 'alex'
],
[
'id' => 12,
'age' => 23,
'name' => 'bianca'
],
];
//结果
Array
(
[0] => alex
[1] => bianca
)

array_count_values - 统计数组中所有的值

  • array_count_values(array $array): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 'age', 'name', 'age'];
print_r(array_count_values($arr));
//结果
Array
(
[1] => 2
[2] => 2
[3] => 1
[age] => 2
[name] => 1
)

array_diff - 计算数组的差集

  • array_diff(array $array, array …$arrays): array
$arr1 = [1, 2, 3];
$arr2 = [1, 3, 4];
print_r(array_diff($arr1, $arr2));
//结果
Array
(
[1] => 2
)

array_intersect - 计算数组的交集

  • array_intersect(array $array, array …$arrays): array
$arr1 = ['a' => 3, 5, 7, 9];
$arr2 = ['b' => 3, 5];
print_r(array_intersect($arr1, $arr2));
Array
(
[a] => 3
[0] => 5
)

array_filter - 使用回调函数过滤数组中的元素

  • array_filter(array $array, ?callable $callback = null, int $mode = 0): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
print_r(array_filter($arr, function($v){return $v % 2 == 0;}));
//结果
Array
(
[1] => 2
[3] => 4
)

array_map - 给数组的每个元素执行回调函数

  • array_map(?callable $callback, array $array, array …$arrays): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
print_r(array_map(function($v){return $v * 2;}, $arr));
//结果
Array
(
[0] => 2
[1] => 4
[2] => 6
[3] => 8
)

array_merge - 合并一个或者多个数组

  • array_merge(array …$arrays): array
$arr1 = [1, 2, 3, 4];
$arr2 = [1, 3,4, 'b'=>7];
print_r(array_merge($arr1, $arr2));
//结果
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
[4] => 1
[5] => 3
[6] => 4
[b] => 7
)

array_pop — 弹出数组最后一个单元(出栈)

  • array_pop(array &$array): mixed
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
echo array_pop($arr); //3

array_push — 将一个或多个单元压入数组的末尾(入栈)

  • array_push(array &$array, mixed $value1, mixed $… = ?): int
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
array_push($arr, 4);
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[3] => 4
)

array_reduce — 用回调函数迭代地将数组简化为单一的值

  • array_reduce(array $array, callable $callback, mixed $initial = null): mixed
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
echo array_reduce($arr, function($a, $b){return $a + $b;}, 10); //16
//如果指定了第三个参数,则为回调函数的初始值

array_reverse — 返回单元顺序相反的数组

  • array_reverse(array $array, bool $preserve_keys = false): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
print_r(array_reverse($arr));
Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => 2
[2] => 1
)

array_search — 在数组中搜索给定的值,如果成功则返回首个相应的键名

  • array_search(mixed $needle, array $haystack, bool $strict = false): int|string|false
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
echo array_search(2, $arr); //1

array_unique — 移除数组中重复的值

  • array_unique(array $array, int $flags = SORT_STRING): array
$arr = [4, 2, 3, 3, 1];
print_r(array_unique($arr));
Array
(
[0] => 4
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
[4] => 1
)
//此时会返回一个新数组,不会修改原数组

array_shift - 移除数组开头的元素

  • array_shift(array &$array): mixed
$arr = [4, 2, 3];
echo array_shift($arr); //4

array_unshift - 在数组开头插入一个或多个单元

  • array_unshift(array &$array, mixed …$values): int
$arr = [4, 2, 3];
array_unshift($arr, [1 ,2]);
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
)
[1] => 4
[2] => 2
[3] => 3
)

array_walk — 使用用户自定义函数对数组中的每个元素做回调处理

  • array_walk(array|object &$array, callable $callback, mixed $arg = null): bool
$arr = [4, 2, 3];
array_walk($arr, function($v, $k){echo $k . '===' . $v;}); //0===41===22===3

in_array — 检查数组中是否存在某个值

  • in_array(mixed $needle, array $haystack, bool $strict = false): bool
$arr = [4, 2, 3];
echo in_array(3, $arr); //1

compact — 建立一个数组,包括变量名和它们的值

  • compact(array|string $var_name, array|string …$var_names): array
$str = 'php';
$arr = [];
print_r(compact('str', $arr));
Array
(
[str] => php
)

count — 统计数组、Countable 对象中所有元素的数量

  • count(Countable|array $value, int $mode = COUNT_NORMAL): int
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
echo count($arr); //3

krsort — 对数组按照键名逆向排序

  • krsort(array &$array, int $flags = SORT_REGULAR): bool
$arr = ['d' => 1, 'c' => 2, 'e' => 3];
krsort($arr);
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[e] => 3
[d] => 1
[c] => 2
)

list — 把数组中的值赋给一组变量

  • list(mixed $var, mixed …$vars = ?): array
$info = ['coffee', 'brown', 'caffeine'];
list($drink, $color, $power) = $info;

range 根据范围创建数组,包含指定的元素

  • range(string|int|float $start, string|int|float $end, int|float $step = 1): array
print_r(range(0, 3));
Array
(
[0] => 0
[1] => 1
[2] => 2
[3] => 3
)

shuffle — 打乱数组

  • shuffle(array &$array): bool
$arr = [1, 3, 4, 'b'=>7];
shuffle($arr);
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[0] => 7
[1] => 1
[2] => 4
[3] => 3
)

sort - 对数组进行升序排序

  • sort(array &$array, int $flags = SORT_REGULAR): bool
$arr = [5, 3, 4, 'b'=>7];
sort($arr);
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => 4
[2] => 5
[3] => 7
)

array_splice 去掉数组中的某一部分并用其它值取代

  • 定义
array_splice(
array &$array,
int $offset,
?int $length = null,
mixed $replacement = []
): array
$arr = [1, 2, 3];
array_splice($arr,1 , 0, 'insert');
print_r($arr);
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => insert
[2] => 2
[3] => 3
)
//此函数可以向数组的指定位置插入元素

应用

  • 找出数组中最大值的下标
$arr = [3, 5, 7, 9];
echo array_search(max($arr), $arr); //3
  • pathinfo - 返回文件路径的信息
//pathinfo(string $path, int $flags = PATHINFO_ALL): array|string
$str = 'index.php';
$file_attrs = pathinfo($str);
print_r($file_attrs);
Array
(
[dirname] => .
[basename] => index.php
[extension] => php
[filename] => index
)
echo $file_attrs['extension']; //php