Rabbit MQ是一个通用的消息中间件，支持AMQP，STOMP，MQTT等多种协议

安装#

在OSX下可以使用如下命令来安装 rabbitmq

brew install rabbitmq

基本命令#

 ls -al ~/rabbitmq/3.7.14/sbin/
total 1104
drwxr-xr-x  10 jet  admin     320 May 19 14:35 .
drwxr-xr-x  37 jet  wheel    1184 May 19 14:37 ..
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin  468026 Mar 29 05:47 cuttlefish
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin    2153 May 19 14:35 rabbitmq-defaults
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin    1245 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-diagnostics
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin   16069 May 19 14:35 rabbitmq-env
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin    1241 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-plugins         # manage rabbitmq plugins
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin   16467 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmq-server
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin   40446 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmqadmin
-r-xr-xr-x   1 jet  admin    1236 Mar 29 05:47 rabbitmqctl              # rabbitmq controller command line

• 启动rabbitmq

rabbitmq-server -detached #detached参数可以让rabbitmq以守护进程的方式在后台运行

启动之后可以通过15271端口进行查看

停止rabbitmq

rabbitmqctl shutdown

查看rabbitmq状态

rabbitmqctl status

Status of node rabbit@localhost ...
[{pid,25472},
 {running_applications,
     [{rabbitmq_stomp,"RabbitMQ STOMP plugin","3.7.14"},
      {rabbitmq_amqp1_0,"AMQP 1.0 support for RabbitMQ","3.7.14"},
      {rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.7.14"},
      {rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.7.14"},
      {rabbitmq_mqtt,"RabbitMQ MQTT Adapter","3.7.14"},
      {rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.7.14"},
      {rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.7.14"},
      {amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.7.14"},
      ......
 {listeners,
     [{clustering,25672,"::"},
      {amqp,5672,"127.0.0.1"},
      {mqtt,1883,"::"},
      {http,15672,"::"},
      {stomp,61613,"::"}]},
 }]

• 配置文件 rabbitmq 的配置文件位于$RABBITMQ_HOME/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

Rabbitmq Plugins#

Rabbitmq 提供了很多插件，在使用插件之前可以使用enable命令启用。已经安装的插件可以通过如下命令查看

rabbitmq-plugins list
Listing plugins with pattern ".*" ...
WARNING - plugins currently enabled but missing: rabbitmq_management_visualiser

 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled| Status: * = running on rabbit@localhost|/
[E*] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.7.14
......
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.7.14
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.7.14
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.7.14

启用ui管理工具

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

禁用

rabbitmq-plugins disable rabbitmq_management

启停插件无需重启rabbitmq即可自动生效

Rabbitmq 消息#

Rabbitmq 包括producer, exchange, consumer三部分。

• producer: 生产者，负责生产消息
• consumer: 消费者，负责消费监听到的消息
• exchange: 负责路由消息，消息交换 其中exchange包括以下四种类型:

direct exchange: 消息会根据路由key, 路由到指定的队列

fanout exchange: 广播, 消息会发送到绑定此exchange的所有消息队列

topic exchange: 类似于direct exchange，不过消息可以通过模式匹配，一个消息可能匹配到一个以上的消息队列

header exchange: 根据消息头进行匹配过滤