python-docx的简单使用示例教程

Python
351
0
0
2023-05-19
Python游戏开发之精灵和精灵组
上一篇
python实战教程之OCR文字识别方法汇总
下一篇

python-docx的简单使用

'''
设置表格所有单元格的四个边为0.5磅，黑色，实线
可以使用返回值，也可以不使用
'''
def 设置表格网格线为黑色实线(table_object:object):
    kwargs = {
        "top":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "bottom":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "left":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "right":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "insideV":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "insideH":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color":  "#000000"}
        }
    borders = docx.oxml.OxmlElement('w:tblBorders')
    for tag in ('bottom', 'top', 'left', 'right', 'insideV', 'insideH'):
        edge_data = kwargs.get(tag)
        if edge_data:
            any_border = docx.oxml.OxmlElement(f'w:{tag}')
            for key in ["sz", "val", "color", "space", "shadow"]:
                if key in edge_data:
                    any_border.set(docx.oxml.ns.qn(f'w:{key}'), str(edge_data[key]))
            borders.append(any_border)
            table_object._tbl.tblPr.append(borders)
    return table_object
'''
设置标题样式
'''
def 设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading_object:object):
    heading_object.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.LEFT  #左对齐
    for run in heading_object.runs:
        run.font.name=u'宋体'    #设置为宋体
        #run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')#设置为宋体，和上边的一起使用
        run.font.color.rgb = docx.shared.RGBColor(0,0,0)#设置颜色为黑色
    return heading_object
'''
创建docx文档，将翻译结果和原文写入文档中
'''
def word():
    my_word_doc = docx.Document()   #打开一个空白文档
    # for style in my_word_doc.styles:
    #     print(style)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading(翻译结果["NAME"],level=2)    #指定样式标题2
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("描述",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    for line in 翻译结果["SYNOPSIS"].split("\n"):
        my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    for line in 翻译结果["DESCRIPTION"].split("\n"):
        my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("参数",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    #table = my_word_doc.add_table(rows=len(翻译结果["PARAMETERS"]), cols=3)    #指定样式标题3；在末尾添加一个表
    table = my_word_doc.add_table(rows=len(翻译结果["PARAMETERS"]), cols=2)    #指定样式标题3；在末尾添加一个表
    #table.style = my_word_doc.styles['Medium Grid 1']
    设置表格网格线为黑色实线(table)
    index=0
    for key,value in 翻译结果["PARAMETERS"].items():
        for line in key.split("\n"):
            cell = table.cell(index,0)
            cell.text += line
        for line in value.split("\n"):
            table.cell(index,1).text += line
        #table.cell(index,1).text = 帮助文件解析结果["PARAMETERS"][key]
        cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,0).paragraphs
        for i in cell_paragraphs:
            i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,1).paragraphs
        for i in cell_paragraphs:
            i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        # table.cell(index,2).text = value
        # cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,2).paragraphs
        # for i in cell_paragraphs:
        #     i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        index += 1
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("示例",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    for key,value in 翻译结果["Example"].items():
        heading = my_word_doc.add_heading(key[0:-1],level=4)    #指定样式标题4
        设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
        for line in value.split("\n"):
            my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    my_word_doc.save(r"C:\Users\gyj\Downloads\temp.docx")

实际上我是拿来转换PowerShell cmdlet命令的帮助txt文件为word文档的。其中带了翻译。简单记录下。

import docx #pip install python-docx
import re
import json
import requests
import time
import hashlib
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import random
import copy
#字典形式
帮助文件解析结果={"NAME":"","SYNOPSIS":"","DESCRIPTION":"","PARAMETERS":{},"Example":{}};
翻译结果={"NAME":"","SYNOPSIS":"","DESCRIPTION":"","PARAMETERS":{},"Example":{}};
'''
'''
def 解析PowerShell命令的帮助文本(文件路径:str):
    with open(文件路径,mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as fd_help:
        line = fd_help.readline();
        while line:
            if(line.strip() == "NAME"):
                line = fd_help.readline()
                line = line.strip()
                帮助文件解析结果['NAME'] = line
            elif(line.strip() == "SYNOPSIS"):
                line = fd_help.readline()
                while line[0:4]=="    ":
                    帮助文件解析结果['SYNOPSIS'] += line.lstrip()
                    line = fd_help.readline()
            elif(line.strip() == "DESCRIPTION"):
                line = fd_help.readline()
                while line[0:4]=="    ":
                    帮助文件解析结果['DESCRIPTION'] += line.lstrip()
                    line = fd_help.readline()
            elif(line.strip() == "PARAMETERS"):
                line = fd_help.readline()
                while line[0:4]=="    ":
                    参数名 = line.lstrip()
                    帮助文件解析结果['PARAMETERS'][参数名] = ""
                    line = fd_help.readline()
                    while line[0:8]=="        ":
                        帮助文件解析结果['PARAMETERS'][参数名] += line.lstrip()
                        line = fd_help.readline()
                    if(len(re.findall(r'^\s*-*\s*Example',line))):
                        break
            elif(len(re.findall(r'^\s*-*\s*Example',line))):
                temp=re.sub(r"^\s*-*\s*([\w,\.: ]+) *-*",r"\1",line)
                temp.rstrip()
                帮助文件解析结果["Example"][temp]="";
                line = fd_help.readline()
                while line:
                    if(len(re.findall(r'^\s*-*\s*Example',line))):
                        temp=re.sub(r"^\s*-*\s*([\w,\.: ]+) *-*",r"\1",line)
                        temp.rstrip()
                        帮助文件解析结果["Example"][temp]="";
                        line = fd_help.readline()
                    while not (len(re.findall(r'^\s*-*\s*Example',line))) and line:
                        帮助文件解析结果["Example"][temp]+=line.lstrip()
                        line = fd_help.readline()
            else:
                line = fd_help.readline()
    #检查key=""的情况，并删除这样的key
    if("" in 帮助文件解析结果):
        del 帮助文件解析结果[""]
    if("" in 帮助文件解析结果["PARAMETERS"]):
        del 帮助文件解析结果["PARAMETERS"][""]
    if("" in 帮助文件解析结果["Example"]):
        del 帮助文件解析结果["Example"][""]
# 本文件是通过请求有道翻译，去获取翻译结果
'''
i: 你好
from: AUTO
to: AUTO
smartresult: dict
client: fanyideskweb
salt: 16643765479061    //毫秒级别的时间戳后面加上个0-9之间的随机数,js代码：r + parseInt(10 * Math.random(), 10);这里的r表示时间戳字符串
sign: 1d69ce8f7c6258243e573e31e29e0012    //签名，下面找到了
lts: 1664376547906        //毫秒级别的时间戳
bv: 42c8b36dd7d61c619e7b1dc11e44d870    //同设备相同，使用md5加密的（方法是：md5(User-Agent)==>md5（"5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/105.0.1343.53"）
doctype: json
version: 2.1
keyfrom: fanyi.web
action: FY_BY_REALTlME
/*
解密出来了：sign的计算如下
define("newweb/common/service", ["./utils", "./md5", "./jquery-1.7"], function(e, t) {
    var n = e("./jquery-1.7");
    e("./utils");
    e("./md5");
    var r = function(e) {
        var t = n.md5(navigator.appVersion)
          , r = "" + (new Date).getTime()
          , i = r + parseInt(10 * Math.random(), 10);
        return {
            ts: r,
            bv: t,
            salt: i,
            sign: n.md5("fanyideskweb" + e + i + "Ygy_4c=r#e#4EX^NUGUc5")    //在这里，e是要翻译的内容，i是毫秒级别的时间戳后面加上个0-9之间的随机数；后面这串字符串估计是服务器那边随机生成的，应该会变化。每次抓取的时候，可以查看下js代码
        }
    };
    总体来说，data数据由函数“generateSaltSign”计算出来
*/
'''
'''
获取翻译结果
The_translated_string：被翻译的字符串
由于翻译是以行为单位，所以一行一个结果，函数将解析The_translated_string参数，并以字符串形式返回所有翻译结果
'''
def youdao_translate(The_translated_string:str):
    if(The_translated_string == ""):
        return {"":""}
    url = r'https://fanyi.youdao.com/translate_o?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule'
    User_Agent = "5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/106.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/106.0.1370.37"
    header = {
        "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        #"Content-Length": "307",
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
        "Cookie":"OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID=1135160796@10.108.162.134; OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID_NCOO=775555146.507473; JSESSIONID=aaaQ2GYK5N-ozb24rKNcy; SESSION_FROM_COOKIE=unknown; DICT_UGC=be3af0da19b5c5e6aa4e17bd8d90b28a|; JSESSIONID=abcPzon0RcZqc7GltuAgy; ___rl__test__cookies=1665366515354",
        "Host": "fanyi.youdao.com",
        "Origin": "https://fanyi.youdao.com",
        "Referer": "https://fanyi.youdao.com/",
        "sec-ch-ua": """\"Google Chrome";v="105", "Not)A;Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="105"\"""",
        "sec-ch-ua-mobile": "?0",
        "sec-ch-ua-platform": "Windows",
        "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty",
        "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
        "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
        "User-Agent": User_Agent,
        "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest"
    }
    #The_translated_string=input("输入你要翻译的中文信息：\n")  # 被翻译的字符串
    timestamp = str(round(time.time()*1000))  # 毫秒级别的时间戳
    salt = timestamp + str(random.randint(0, 9))  # 毫秒级别的时间戳后面加上个0-9之间的随机数
    sign_str = "fanyideskweb" + The_translated_string + salt + "Ygy_4c=r#e#4EX^NUGUc5"  # 构造签名字符串
    # 签名，算法：sign: n.md5("fanyideskweb" + e + i + "Ygy_4c=r#e#4EX^NUGUc5")    //在这里，后面这串字符串估计是服务器那边随机生成的，应该会变化。每次抓取的时候，可以查看下js代码
    sign = hashlib.md5(str.encode(sign_str)).hexdigest()
    # 同设备相同，使用md5加密的（方法是：md5(User-Agent)==>md5（"5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/105.0.1343.53"）
    bv = hashlib.md5(str.encode(User_Agent)).hexdigest()
    cookies = {
        "OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID": "1135160796@10.108.162.134",
        "OUTFOX_SEARCH_USER_ID_NCOO": "775555146.507473",
        "JSESSIONID": "aaaQ2GYK5N-ozb24rKNcy",
        "SESSION_FROM_COOKIE": "unknown",
        "DICT_UGC": "be3af0da19b5c5e6aa4e17bd8d90b28a|",
        "JSESSIONID": "abcPzon0RcZqc7GltuAgy",
        "___rl__test__cookies": "1665366515354"
    }
    data = {
        "i": The_translated_string,
        "from": "AUTO",
        "to": "AUTO",
        # 一般来说，是从中文翻译为英文
        # "from": "zh-CHS",
        # "to": "en",
        "smartresult": "dict",
        "client": "fanyideskweb",
        "salt": salt,
        "sign": sign,
        "lts": timestamp,
        "bv": bv,
        "doctype": "json",
        "version": "2.1",
        "keyfrom": "fanyi.web",
        "action": "FY_BY_CLICKBUTTION"
    }
    data = urlencode(data);
    result = requests.post(url, data=data, cookies=cookies,headers=header)
    json_result = json.loads(result.text);
    #lines = The_translated_string.splitlines();     #按照行边界拆分
    if(not json_result["errorCode"]):
        ret_list="";
        for i in json_result["translateResult"]:    #如果源字符串就是存在段落的，则这里就会根据其来分结果
            for j in i:                             #翻译服务器认为该分段的，这里就会再次存在子项
                ret_list+=j['tgt']
                ret_list+="\n"
            #ret_list[json_result["translateResult"][i][0]["src"]]=json_result["translateResult"][i][0]["tgt"]
        return ret_list;
    else:
        return "errorCode = "+str(json_result["errorCode"]);
#示例
'''
str_ = "你好\n世界\n我来了\n哈哈"
print(youdao_translate(str_))
-----out-----
{'你好': 'hello', '世界': 'The world', '我来了': "I'm coming", '哈哈': 'Ha ha'}
'''
'''
将变量“帮助文件解析结果”中的value翻译成中文
'''
def 执行翻译():
    翻译结果 = copy.deepcopy(帮助文件解析结果)  #这里执行了深拷贝了，所以它不再是外面的那个“翻译结果”变量了
    翻译结果["SYNOPSIS"] = youdao_translate(翻译结果["SYNOPSIS"])
    翻译结果["DESCRIPTION"] = youdao_translate(翻译结果["DESCRIPTION"])
    for key,value in 翻译结果["PARAMETERS"].items():
        if(value == ""):
            continue
        翻译结果["PARAMETERS"][key] = youdao_translate(value)
    for key,value in 翻译结果["Example"].items():
        if(value == ""):
            continue
        翻译结果["Example"][key] = youdao_translate(value)
    temp_dict = {}
    for key,value in 翻译结果["Example"].items():
        if(key == ""):
            continue
        temp_dict[youdao_translate(key)] = value
    翻译结果["Example"] = temp_dict
    return 翻译结果
'''
设置表格所有单元格的四个边为0.5磅，黑色，实线
可以使用返回值，也可以不使用
'''
def 设置表格网格线为黑色实线(table_object:object):
    kwargs = {
        "top":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "bottom":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "left":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "right":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "insideV":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color": "#000000"},
        "insideH":{"sz": 4, "val": "single", "color":  "#000000"}
        }
    borders = docx.oxml.OxmlElement('w:tblBorders')
    for tag in ('bottom', 'top', 'left', 'right', 'insideV', 'insideH'):
        edge_data = kwargs.get(tag)
        if edge_data:
            any_border = docx.oxml.OxmlElement(f'w:{tag}')
            for key in ["sz", "val", "color", "space", "shadow"]:
                if key in edge_data:
                    any_border.set(docx.oxml.ns.qn(f'w:{key}'), str(edge_data[key]))
            borders.append(any_border)
            table_object._tbl.tblPr.append(borders)
    return table_object
'''
设置标题样式
'''
def 设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading_object:object):
    heading_object.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.LEFT  #左对齐
    for run in heading_object.runs:
        run.font.name=u'宋体'    #设置为宋体
        #run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), u'宋体')#设置为宋体，和上边的一起使用
        run.font.color.rgb = docx.shared.RGBColor(0,0,0)#设置颜色为黑色
    return heading_object
'''
创建docx文档，将翻译结果和原文写入文档中
'''
def word():
    my_word_doc = docx.Document()   #打开一个空白文档
    # for style in my_word_doc.styles:
    #     print(style)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading(翻译结果["NAME"],level=2)    #指定样式标题2
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("描述",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    for line in 翻译结果["SYNOPSIS"].split("\n"):
        my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    for line in 翻译结果["DESCRIPTION"].split("\n"):
        my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("参数",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    #table = my_word_doc.add_table(rows=len(翻译结果["PARAMETERS"]), cols=3)    #指定样式标题3；在末尾添加一个表
    table = my_word_doc.add_table(rows=len(翻译结果["PARAMETERS"]), cols=2)    #指定样式标题3；在末尾添加一个表
    #table.style = my_word_doc.styles['Medium Grid 1']
    设置表格网格线为黑色实线(table)
    index=0
    for key,value in 翻译结果["PARAMETERS"].items():
        for line in key.split("\n"):
            cell = table.cell(index,0)
            cell.text += line
        for line in value.split("\n"):
            table.cell(index,1).text += line
        #table.cell(index,1).text = 帮助文件解析结果["PARAMETERS"][key]
        cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,0).paragraphs
        for i in cell_paragraphs:
            i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,1).paragraphs
        for i in cell_paragraphs:
            i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        # table.cell(index,2).text = value
        # cell_paragraphs = table.cell(index,2).paragraphs
        # for i in cell_paragraphs:
        #     i.alignment = docx.enum.text.WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.LEFT  #左对齐
        index += 1
    heading = my_word_doc.add_heading("示例",level=3)    #指定样式标题3
    设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
    for key,value in 翻译结果["Example"].items():
        heading = my_word_doc.add_heading(key[0:-1],level=4)    #指定样式标题4
        设置标题样式为黑色宋体(heading)
        for line in value.split("\n"):
            my_word_doc.add_paragraph(line)
    my_word_doc.save(r"C:\Users\xxx\Downloads\temp.docx")
解析PowerShell命令的帮助文本(r"C:\Users\xxx\Downloads\Get-CimClass.txt")
#有道翻译的新版翻译结果解析实在是太变态了，我搞不了，是在不行就把格式弄好，使用文档翻译翻译吧。
#翻译结果 = 执行翻译()
翻译结果=帮助文件解析结果
word()
Python游戏开发之精灵和精灵组
上一篇
python实战教程之OCR文字识别方法汇总
下一篇