实现一个Android APP主要需求：
1、APP连接蓝牙转以太网的转接板给底板配置广播信息；
2、广播板的状态能通过蓝牙转接板透传给APP；
蓝牙搜索，发现这些之前一个app都做过，但是读写数据没有做，关键点是：
1、GATT连接；
2、服务特征UUID/读特征UUID 配置特征UUID/写特征UUID，这几个特征UUID 最好是找厂家确认。
要接收到蓝牙的数据，关键是读配置Enable功能：setBleNotification方法，网上这块有很多方法，最后生效的是下面的方法。
| public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { | |
| if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { | |
| // services are discoverd | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered: GATT_SUCCESS"); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = gatt; | |
| } | |
| List<BluetoothGattService> list = gatt.getServices(); | |
| for(BluetoothGattService service: list){ | |
| serviceUid = service.getUuid(); | |
| for(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : service.getCharacteristics()){ | |
| //获取到相应的服务UUID和特征UUID | |
| characterUid = characteristic.getUuid(); | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("8e32")){ | |
| //readd | |
| characterReadUid = characterUid; | |
| m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read = characteristic; | |
| gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, true); | |
| } | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("8e40")){ | |
| //write | |
| characterWriteUid = characterUid; | |
| } | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("2902")){ | |
| //read config | |
| characterReadConfigUid = characterUid; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| if (serviceUid.toString().contains("8e20")){ | |
| break; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| gatt.requestMtu(200); | |
| } | |
| //关键是这个方法，网上的说法很多，但是最后生效的还是下面的方法 | |
| private void setBleNotification(){ | |
| if (characterReadConfigUid == null){ | |
| characterReadConfigUid = UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); | |
| } | |
| BluetoothGattService service = mBluetoothGatt.getService(serviceUid); | |
| if(m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read != null) { | |
| List<BluetoothGattDescriptor> descriptors = m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read.getDescriptors(); | |
| Log.v(TAG, "len:"+descriptors.size()); | |
| // 遍历设置 BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE 值 , 并写出 | |
| for(BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor : descriptors) { | |
| descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| } | |
| // BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read.getDescriptor(characterReadConfigUid); | |
| // descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); | |
| // mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| // descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE); | |
| // mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read); | |
| } | |
| } |
3、写完成的回调；
写需要设置最大MTU，否则大于MTU的字符串发不出去
| public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { | |
| if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { | |
| // services are discoverd | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered: GATT_SUCCESS"); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = gatt; | |
| } | |
| gatt.requestMtu(200); | |
| } | |
| public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) { | |
| Log.v(TAG, "onMtuChanged:"+status + ",mtu:"+mtu); | |
| if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){ | |
| setBleNotification(); | |
| } | |
| } |
4、读数据的回调函数；onCharacteristicChanged 蓝牙收到数据的回调方法，网上有说是onCharacteristicRead方法，实际是这个。
| public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, | |
| BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { | |
| if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(characterReadUid)) { | |
| //step 7-1:读取出characteristic的value值 | |
| // 收到的数据 | |
| byte[] receiveByte = characteristic.getValue(); | |
| String res = new String(receiveByte); | |
| Log.i(TAG, "=====>2 value =" + res + ",len:" + receiveByte.length); | |
| if (notifyCallback != null){ | |
| notifyCallback.notifyMessage(res); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } |
5、蓝牙转接板居然还有一个NAT的问题，蓝牙转接板主动转发过来的UDP包，必须使用相同的端口回过去，否则转接板收不到包。
6、主要代码：
GattCommnucationManage.java代码
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCallback; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; | |
| import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; | |
| import android.content.Context; | |
| import android.util.Log; | |
| import java.util.List; | |
| import java.util.UUID; | |
| import top.keepempty.MyApplication; | |
| public class GattCommnucationManager { | |
| static GattCommnucationManager instanceGattMgr = new GattCommnucationManager(); | |
| private BluetoothDevice selectBleDevice; | |
| private Context mContext; | |
| public static final String TAG = "GattCommnucationManager"; | |
| BluetoothGatt mBluetoothGatt; | |
| private UUID serviceUid; | |
| private UUID characterUid; | |
| private UUID characterReadUid; | |
| private UUID characterReadConfigUid; | |
| private UUID characterWriteUid; | |
| private BleMessageNotify notifyCallback; | |
| private GattCommnucationManager(){ | |
| } | |
| public static GattCommnucationManager getInstance(){ | |
| if (instanceGattMgr == null){ | |
| instanceGattMgr = new GattCommnucationManager(); | |
| } | |
| return instanceGattMgr; | |
| } | |
| public void registerInterface(BleMessageNotify callback){ | |
| notifyCallback = callback; | |
| } | |
| public void setDevice(BluetoothDevice device){ | |
| mContext = MyApplication.getInstance(); | |
| if (selectBleDevice != null && mBluetoothGatt != null){ | |
| mBluetoothGatt.disconnect(); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.close(); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = null; | |
| } | |
| selectBleDevice = device; | |
| connectSelectDevice(); | |
| } | |
| public void connectSelectDevice(){ | |
| if (selectBleDevice == null){ | |
| return; | |
| } | |
| mBluetoothGatt = selectBleDevice.connectGatt(mContext, false, mGattCallback); | |
| } | |
| //关闭蓝牙和Gatt输入通道 避免出现Gatt 133状态错误 | |
| public void closeBlueToothGatt(){ | |
| if (mBluetoothGatt == null){ | |
| return; | |
| } | |
| mBluetoothGatt.disconnect(); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.close(); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = null; | |
| selectBleDevice = null; | |
| } | |
| /** | |
| * 向设备发送数据 | |
| * @param value | |
| * @return | |
| */ | |
| public boolean writeRXCharacteristic(byte[] value) { | |
| if (mBluetoothGatt == null){ | |
| return false; | |
| } | |
| BluetoothGattService rxService = mBluetoothGatt.getService(serviceUid); | |
| if (rxService == null) { | |
| //Service not supported | |
| Log.d(TAG, "writeRXCharacteristic: Service not supported"); | |
| return false; | |
| } | |
| BluetoothGattCharacteristic rxChar = rxService.getCharacteristic(characterWriteUid); | |
| if (rxChar == null) { | |
| // service not supported | |
| Log.d(TAG, "writeRXCharacteristic: Service not supported"); | |
| return false; | |
| } | |
| rxChar.setWriteType(BluetoothGattCharacteristic.WRITE_TYPE_DEFAULT); | |
| rxChar.setValue(value); | |
| Log.d(TAG, "writeRXCharacteristic: "+String.valueOf(rxChar)); | |
| return mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(rxChar); | |
| } | |
| public final UUID DEVICE_INFO_SERVICE_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001800-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); | |
| //Charcteristic UUID | |
| public final UUID VID_PID_CHARACTERISTIC_UUID = UUID.fromString("00002a00-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); | |
| BluetoothGattCharacteristic m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read; | |
| /** | |
| * 连接成功或者失败的回调函数 | |
| */ | |
| public final BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() { | |
| public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) { | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionStateChange: "+newState); | |
| if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) { | |
| //bluetooth is connected so discover services | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionStateChange: "+mBluetoothGatt.getDevice().getName()); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices(); | |
| } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) { | |
| //Bluetooth is disconnected | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onConnectionStateChange: disconnected"); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = null; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| private void setBleNotification(){ | |
| if (characterReadConfigUid == null){ | |
| characterReadConfigUid = UUID.fromString("00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"); | |
| } | |
| BluetoothGattService service = mBluetoothGatt.getService(serviceUid); | |
| if(m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read != null) { | |
| List<BluetoothGattDescriptor> descriptors = m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read.getDescriptors(); | |
| Log.v(TAG, "len:"+descriptors.size()); | |
| // 遍历设置 BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE 值 , 并写出 | |
| for(BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor : descriptors) { | |
| descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| } | |
| // BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor = m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read.getDescriptor(characterReadConfigUid); | |
| // descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE); | |
| // mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| // descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_INDICATION_VALUE); | |
| // mBluetoothGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor); | |
| mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) { | |
| Log.v(TAG, "onMtuChanged:"+status + ",mtu:"+mtu); | |
| if(status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS){ | |
| setBleNotification(); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) { | |
| if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { | |
| // services are discoverd | |
| Log.d(TAG, "onServicesDiscovered: GATT_SUCCESS"); | |
| mBluetoothGatt = gatt; | |
| } | |
| List<BluetoothGattService> list = gatt.getServices(); | |
| for(BluetoothGattService service: list){ | |
| serviceUid = service.getUuid(); | |
| for(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : service.getCharacteristics()){ | |
| //获取到相应的服务UUID和特征UUID | |
| characterUid = characteristic.getUuid(); | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("8e32")){ | |
| //readd | |
| characterReadUid = characterUid; | |
| m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read = characteristic; | |
| gatt.setCharacteristicNotification(characteristic, true); | |
| } | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("8e40")){ | |
| //write | |
| characterWriteUid = characterUid; | |
| } | |
| if (characterUid.toString().contains("2902")){ | |
| //read config | |
| characterReadConfigUid = characterUid; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| if (serviceUid.toString().contains("8e20")){ | |
| break; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| gatt.requestMtu(200); | |
| } | |
| public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, | |
| BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, | |
| int status) { | |
| if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { | |
| String value = ""; | |
| if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(characterReadUid)) | |
| { | |
| //step 7-1:读取出characteristic的value值 | |
| // 收到的数据 | |
| byte[] receiveByte = characteristic.getValue(); | |
| Log.i(TAG, "=====>读取到 value =" +String.valueOf(receiveByte) + ",len:"+receiveByte.length); | |
| //step 7-2:此处为ascii表字符，需转换为十进制ascii值 | |
| //再将十进制ascii值，转换为十六进制 | |
| //String VID = changeAsciiTo16(value.charAt(0)); | |
| //String PID = changeAsciiTo16(value.charAt(value.length() - 1)); | |
| //设备VID、PID读取成功，handle更新主线程界面UI | |
| //Log.i(TAG, characteristic.getUuid()+",VID:"+VID+",PID:"+PID); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, | |
| BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) { | |
| if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(characterReadUid)) { | |
| //step 7-1:读取出characteristic的value值 | |
| // 收到的数据 | |
| byte[] receiveByte = characteristic.getValue(); | |
| String res = new String(receiveByte); | |
| Log.i(TAG, "=====>2 value =" + res + ",len:" + receiveByte.length); | |
| if (notifyCallback != null){ | |
| notifyCallback.notifyMessage(res); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) { | |
| super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status); | |
| if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) { | |
| mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(m_bluetoothGattCharacteristic_read); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| static public interface BleMessageNotify { | |
| void notifyMessage(String msg); | |
| } | |
| } |