前言

最近在学习spring，觉得也可以将spring运用到测试中。Spring很强大，这里只是其中一个简单的应用，不包含全部源码。有不合理的地方，欢迎指正。

核心依赖

<!--springboot父项目-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
<!--Springboot依赖-->
 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        
        <!--        Selenium     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

配置

配置文件Application.yml，可以将webdriver和driverService配置放在这：webdriver和driverService，监听器。。。如下，浏览器，端口号，driverService地址等，还可以将测试环境地址放在这里。

logging:
  level:
    org.openqa.selenium: debug
    org.springframework: info

webdriver:
#Service 是否远程
  isRemote: false
#运行浏览器
  browser: CHROME
#webdriver驱动地址
  service:
    location: chromedriver.exe
#启动service端口
    port: 1411
  capabilities:
    javascriptEnabled: true
    takesScreenshot: true
    cssSelectorsEnabled: true
  listener: org.openqa.selenium.support.events.AbstractWebDriverEventListener

配置类

//Webdriver配置类对应配置文件中各项
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "webdriver")
@Setter
@Getter
public class WebDriverProperties {
    private String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
    private String browser = BrowserType.CHROME;
    private Boolean isRemote = false;
    private Map<String, Object> capabilities;
    private String[] listeners;
}

//DriverService
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "webdriver.service")
@Getter
@Setter
public class DriverServiceProperties {
    private int port = 1411;
    private String location = "chromedriver.exe";
}

浏览器枚举类

public enum DriverType implements DriverBase {
    /**
     * chrome类型的driverService和webDriver
     */
    CHROME{
        private DriverService service;
        @Override
        public DriverService createDriverService(DriverServiceProperties driverServiceProperties){
            ClassPathResource driverResource = new ClassPathResource(driverServiceProperties.getLocation());
            try {
                service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
                        .usingDriverExecutable(driverResource.getFile())
                        .usingPort(driverServiceProperties.getPort())
                        .build();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("driver.exe执行文件读取失败",e);
            }
            return service;
        }

        @Override
        public WebDriver createDriver(WebDriverProperties webDriverProperties, DriverService driverService) {
            if (!driverService.isRunning()){
                try {
                    driverService.start();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("driverService启动失败");
                }
            }
            DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(webDriverProperties.getCapabilities());
            capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.LOGGING_PREFS, logs);
            RemoteWebDriver remoteWebDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(driverService.getUrl(), capabilities);
            return remoteWebDriver;
        }
    }
}

创建Webdriver，DriverService类

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties({WebDriverProperties.class, DriverServiceProperties.class})
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = {"driverService","webDriver"})
@ConditionalOnClass(DriverService.class)
public class DriverConfig {

    @Autowired
    private WebDriverProperties webDriverProperties;

    @Autowired
    private DriverServiceProperties driverServiceProperties;

    private DriverBase base;

    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        base = DriverType.valueOf(webDriverProperties.getBrowser());
    }

    /** 创建driverService
     * @return DriverService 驱动服务
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Bean(destroyMethod = "stop")
    public DriverService driverService(){
        return base.createDriverService(driverServiceProperties);
    }

    /**
     *
     * @return WebDriver
     */
    @Bean(destroyMethod = "quit")
    @DependsOn("driverService")
    public WebDriver webDriver(DriverService driverService){
        WebDriver driver = base.createDriver(webDriverProperties,driverService);
        EventFiringWebDriver webDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);
        webDriver.register(new WebDriverListener());
        webDriver.manage().window().maximize();
        return driver;
    }

    @Bean
    @DependsOn("webDriver")
    public WebDriverWait webDriverWait(WebDriver webDriver){
        return new WebDriverWait(webDriver, 10);
    }
}

Page类

@Component
public class BasePage implements PageBase {
    @Autowired
    protected WebDriver webDriver;

    @FindBy(xpath = "")
    public Header header;

    @PostConstruct
    @Override
    public void initElements() {
        PageFactory.initElements(webDriver, this);
    }

测试类

测试类中只需要将webdriver和page类注入即可。

@SpringBootTest
public class TestPage extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebDriver webDriver;
    
 @Autowired
 private BasePage basePage;
 
    @Test
    public void test() {
        webDriver.get("//https:www.baidu.com");
    }
}

总结

与springboot结合，利用springboot的自动配置和依赖注入，将webdriver的创建和关闭以及其它page类的创建依赖管理交给spring，测试人员可以专注编写测试用例。

实现起来并不难，但确实很考验代码功底，作者源代码地址没法访问了，所以就别惦记了，学学思路即可。

六哥已经写过Spring Boot技术栈的Web、接口、安卓自动化框架了，你是不是也想尝试了？

自动化测试入门[1]

参考资料

[1]

Selenium + SpringBoot自动化测试入门: https://blog.csdn.net/li277/article/details/92583659

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